{
 "id": "person/toqtamish-khan",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "toqtamish-khan",
 "label": {
  "ar": "طغطمش بن بردبيك صاحب صراي",
  "en": "Toqtamish ibn Burdbik, lord of Saray"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "طغطمش بن بردبيك من بني دوشي خان، صاحب التخت بصراي؛ استوسق له الملك بصراي وأعمالها بعد ماماي، وأغرا الشيخ ولي ملك مازندران بالانتقاض على تمر فحسم تمر علته وقرر الزحف إليه، فسار طغطمش للقائه وداخله تمر وجماعة الأمراء فاستراب بهم وقد حان اللقاء فتصافحوا للحرب وانهزم طغطمش وتبدد عياله، ثم عاد فاسترجع صراي، ولم تزل الحرب بينه وبين تمر إلى أن بلغ الخبر آخر سنة 797هـ أن تمر ظفر به وقتله واستولى على سائر أعماله.",
  "en": "Toqtamish ibn Burdbik of the Jochids, holder of the throne at Saray; he secured the Dasht kingship after Mamay — incited by the dispossessed Shaykh Wali of Mazandaran he rose against Timur, who marched on him; they met in battle and Toqtamish broke, his household scattered, yet he regained Saray — and the war ran on until word came late in 797 AH that Timur had crushed and killed him and seized all his domains."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/mongol-post-mongol"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1395.0011978343155,
  "latest": 1396.0005338918347
 },
 "display": {
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1395~",
   "hijri": "0797~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "decade",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "بلغ الخبر آخر سنة 797هـ بظفر تمر به وقتله؛ التاريخ والواقعة تحتاج توثيقاً."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "ruler"
  ],
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1395~",
   "hijri": "0797~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "decade",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "بلغ الخبر آخر سنة 797هـ بظفر تمر به وقتله؛ التاريخ والواقعة تحتاج توثيقاً."
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "ابن خلدون، العبر — حروب السلطان تمر مع طغطمش صاحب صراي، ص1541-1542 (طبعة هيليوبوليس)",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "model": "swe-2-high",
   "run": "lib-ibar-east-14"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High); extracted from Ibn Khaldun al-Ibar via Apple Vision OCR"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "طغطمش بن بردبيك من بني دوشي خان، صاحب التخت بصراي في [[polity/golden-horde|القبيلة الذهبية]]. يذكر ابن خلدون أن الملك استقر له بصراي وأعمالها بعد ماماي. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحرب مع تمر",
     "markdown": "يروي ابن خلدون أن الشيخ ولي ملك مازندران انتقض على [[person/timur-lang|تمر]] بإغراء من طغطمش، فسار تمر إليه. التقى الجيشان فانهزم طغطمش وتبدد عياله، ثم عاد فاسترجع صراي. ولم تنقطع الحرب بينهما. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}\n\nوبلغ الخبر آخر سنة 797هـ أن تمر ظفر به وقتله واستولى على سائر أعماله. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "تنبيه",
     "markdown": "تاريخ وفاته في البيانات مشتق وموسوم بأنه محل خلاف (نحو 1395م)، والواقعة تحتاج إلى مصدر إضافي."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/toqtamish-khan",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Toqtamish ibn Berdibek, of the Banu Doshi Khan, lord of the throne at Sarai in the [[polity/golden-horde|Golden Horde]]. Ibn Khaldun reports that rule was firmly his at Sarai and its dependencies after Mamai {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The war with Timur",
     "markdown": "Ibn Khaldun reports that the Shaykh, lord of Mazandaran, rebelled against [[person/timur-lang|Timur]] at the instigation of Toqtamish, so Timur marched against him. The two armies met, Toqtamish was defeated and his household scattered, but then he returned and recovered Sarai. The war between them did not end {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}.\n\nAt the end of the year 797 AH the news reached that Timur had overcome him, killed him and seized all his lands {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Note",
     "markdown": "His death date in the data is derived and is flagged as disputed (around 1395 CE). The event needs an additional source."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/toqtamish-khan",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abd-al-rahman-al-tha-alibi",
  "person/abd-allah-ibn-miqdad-al-aqfahsi",
  "person/ahmadi-taj-al-din-ibrahim-ibn-khidr",
  "person/al-abbi-muhammad",
  "person/al-abshihi-muhammad-ibn-ahmad",
  "person/al-barzali-abu-al-qasim",
  "person/al-hisni-taqi-al-din-abu-bakr-ibn-muhammad",
  "person/al-sharif-al-jurjani-ali-ibn-muhammad",
  "person/aq-shams-al-din",
  "person/husayn-ibn-abd-al-rahman-al-ahdal",
  "person/ibn-al-ahmar-ismail-ibn-yusuf",
  "person/ibn-duqmaq"
 ],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "polity/golden-horde",
   "type": "ruler_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/timur-lang",
   "type": "fought",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/ibn-khaldun-audience-timur-803",
  "event/timur-rise-773",
  "person/ahmad-ibn-uways",
  "person/janibeg-khan",
  "person/jochi-ibn-genghis",
  "person/mengu-timur-dashti",
  "person/tuda-mengu",
  "person/uzbek-khan"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}