{
 "id": "person/zaynab-bint-jahsh",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "zaynab-bint-jahsh",
 "label": {
  "ar": "زينب بنت جحش",
  "en": "Zaynab bint Jahsh"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "أم المؤمنين، أمها أميمة بنت عبد المطلب عمة النبي؛ كانت عند زيد بن حارثة ثم تزوجها النبي وفيها نزلت آية في سورة الأحزاب، وتوفيت سنة 20هـ وهي أول نساء النبي موتاً بعده.",
  "en": "A Mother of the Believers, whose mother Umayma was the Prophet's aunt; she was married to Zayd ibn Haritha and then to the Prophet, and a verse in sura al-Ahzab was revealed about her; she died in 20 AH, the first of his wives to die after him."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era",
  "period/rashidun"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "women"
 ],
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "زينب بنت جحش الأسدية"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "female",
  "roles": [
   "companion"
  ],
  "traditions": [
   "sunni"
  ],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "companion",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "مذكور في الإصابة ترجمة رقم 11269 (ص 1881).",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "sunni",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "note": "ذُكر في كتب الصحابة؛ يُسجَّل ضمن الإطار السني للمتحف (docs/scope.md)."
   }
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الإصابة في تمييز الصحابة، ترجمة 11269، ص 1881",
   "generated_by": "Claude (maintainer session)",
   "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
   "run": "isaba-batch-3"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-hajar-isaba",
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Sonnet 5.5; read from al-Isaba (column-aware OCR, page 1881, entry 11269)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "[[person/zaynab-bint-jahsh|زينب بنت جحش]] الأسدية، «أم المؤمنين زوج النبي»، أمها [[person/umayma-bint-abd-al-muttalib|أميمة]] عمة النبي، وأخوها عبد الله {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1881}. وروى أبو عمر أن اسمها كان برة فسماها النبي زينب لما دخلت عليه {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "زواجها",
     "markdown": "تزوجها النبي سنة 3هـ، وقيل: سنة 5هـ، ونزلت بسببها آية الحجاب، وكانت قبله عند مولاه [[person/zayd-ibn-haritha|زيد بن حارثة]] {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1881}.\n\n:::perspectives\n- **أهل السنة: الرواية في الإصابة (ابن حجر)**: نزل فيها قوله تعالى في [[passage/quran-33-37|الأحزاب 37]]. وكان زيد يُدعى ابن محمد، فلما نزل [[passage/quran-33-5|الأحزاب 5]] وتزوج النبي امرأته بعده انتفى ما كان أهل الجاهلية يعتقدونه من أن المتبنّى يصير ابناً ويتوارثان {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1881}.\n:::\n\nويضيف ابن حجر في خبر تزويجها عن ابن سعد من طريق الواقدي بسند مرسل أن النبي كان يتحدث عند عائشة إذ أخذته غشية ثم سُرّي عنه وهو يبتسم ويقول: «من يذهب إلى زينب يبشرها»، وتلا الآية. وتقول عائشة إنها لما سمعت بذلك أخذها ما قرب وما بعد لما بلغها من جمالها، وإن زينب «تفخر علينا بهذا»، أي أن الله زوّجها من السماء {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1881}. ويقول ابن حجر إن في الرواية سنداً ضعيفاً عن ابن عباس أن زينب سجدت لما أُخبرت {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما لم يُذكر هنا",
     "markdown": "هذا المدخل يعرض رواية ابن حجر وحدها من مصدر سني قديم؛ وستُضاف في دفعة لاحقة قراءة الباحثين المعاصرين وسائر الآراء المنسوبة إلى أصحابها وفق أحكام docs/scope.md."
    },
    {
     "heading": "صفتها",
     "markdown": "تصف عائشة في قصة الإفك زينب بالوصف الجميل وأن الله عصمها بالورع، وتقول: هي التي كانت تساميني من أزواج النبي، وكانت تفخر على نساء النبي بأنها بنت عمته وبأن الله زوّجها له وهن زوّجهن أولياؤهن {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1881}. وقالت لرسول الله: «ما أنا كإحدى نسائك، ليست امرأة من نسائك إلا زوّجها أبوها أو أخوها أو أهلها غيري، زوجنيك الله من السماء» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}. وتروي أم سلمة أنها كانت «صالحة صوامة قوامة صناعاً تصدق بذلك كله على المساكين» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "طول اليد",
     "markdown": "في الصحيحين عن عائشة أن النبي قال: «أسرعكن لحاقاً بي أطولكن يداً»؛ قالت: فكن يتطاولن أيتهن أطول يداً، وكانت أطولنا يداً زينب لأنها كانت تعمل بيدها وتتصدق {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}. وتقول عائشة إنهن عرفن حين توفيت زينب أن النبي إنما أراد طول اليد بالصدقة {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "وفاتها",
     "markdown": "قال الواقدي: ماتت سنة 20هـ {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}. وروى الطبراني عن عبد الرحمن بن أبزى أنه صلى مع عمر على زينب، وكانت أول نساء النبي موتاً بعده {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}. وفي رواية ابن سعد عن القاسم بن محمد أنها قالت حين حضرتها الوفاة: «إني قد أعددت كفني، وإن عمر سيبعث إلي بكفن فتصدقوا بأحدهما» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}، وتقول عائشة: «لقد ذهبت حميدة متعبدة، مفزع اليتامى والأرامل» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1882}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/zaynab-bint-jahsh",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "[[person/zaynab-bint-jahsh|Zaynab bint Jahsh]] al-Asadiyya, \"the Mother of the Believers, wife of the Prophet\"; her mother [[person/umayma-bint-abd-al-muttalib|Umayma]], the Prophet's aunt, and her brother Abdullah {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1881}. Abu Umar relates that her name was Barra, and the Prophet named her Zaynab when she entered on him {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Her marriage",
     "markdown": "The Prophet married her in year 3 AH — or it is said year 5 — and the verse of the hijab descended on her account; before him she had been with his client [[person/zayd-ibn-haritha|Zayd ibn Haritha]] {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1881}.\n\n:::perspectives\n- **Sunni: the account in al-Isaba (Ibn Hajar)**: [[passage/quran-33-37|al-Ahzab 37]] descended concerning her. Zayd used to be called ibn Muhammad; when [[passage/quran-33-5|al-Ahzab 5]] descended and the Prophet married his wife after him, what the Jahiliyya had held — that an adopted son becomes a son and the two inherit from each other — was nullified {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1881}.\n:::\n\nIbn Hajar adds, in the report of her wedding, from Ibn Sa'd by way of al-Waqidi in a mursal chain: the Prophet was speaking at A'isha's when a covering came over him; then he was relieved, smiling, saying \"who will go to Zaynab and give her the tidings?\" — and he recited the verse. A'isha says that when she heard it, everything near and far stirred her at what had reached her of Zaynab's beauty, and that Zaynab \"boasts over us with this\" — that God married her from heaven {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1881}. Ibn Hajar says the account has a weak chain from Ibn Abbas that Zaynab prostrated when she was told {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Not covered here",
     "markdown": "This entry presents Ibn Hajar's account alone from an early Sunni source; contemporary scholars' readings and the rest of the attributed views will be added in a later batch per docs/scope.md."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Her description",
     "markdown": "A'isha describes Zaynab in the affair of the Ifk with the finest description — that God shielded her by piety — and says: she it was who rivalled me among the Prophet's wives, and she would boast over the Prophet's wives that she was his cousin and that God had married her to him while their own guardians married them {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1881}. She said to the Messenger of God: \"I am not like any of your wives — there is no woman among your wives but her father or brother or family married her to you except me; God married me to you from heaven\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}. Umm Salama relates that she was \"devout, fasting, standing in night prayer, a craftswoman who gave all of it in charity to the poor\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Length of the arm",
     "markdown": "In the two Sahihs, from A'isha: the Prophet said: \"the quickest of you to catch up with me is the longest of you in arm\" — she said: they would measure which of them had the longest arm, and the longest-armed of us was Zaynab, for she worked with her hands and gave charity {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}. A'isha says that when Zaynab died they knew the Prophet had meant length of arm in charity {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Her death",
     "markdown": "Al-Waqidi said she died in 20 AH {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}. Al-Tabarani relates from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abza that he prayed over Zaynab with Umar — she was the first of the Prophet's wives to die after him {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}. In Ibn Sa'd's account from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad, she said when death came to her: \"I have prepared my shroud, and Umar will send me a shroud — give one of the two in charity\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}. A'isha says: \"she is gone, virtuous and devoted, the refuge of orphans and widows\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1882}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/zaynab-bint-jahsh",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 12,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/umayma-bint-abd-al-muttalib",
   "type": "child_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/hamna-bint-jahsh",
   "type": "sibling_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad",
   "type": "spouse_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/zayd-ibn-haritha",
   "type": "spouse_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/marriage-to-zaynab-bint-jahsh",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "role": "subject",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "group/mothers-of-the-believers",
   "type": "member_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/tanzil-quran",
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/incident-of-the-slander",
  "person/aisha",
  "person/hafsa",
  "person/juwayriya-bint-al-harith",
  "person/khadija",
  "person/maymuna-bint-al-harith",
  "person/safiyya-bint-huyayy",
  "person/sawda-bint-zama"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}