{
 "id": "place/iran",
 "class": "place",
 "slug": "iran",
 "label": {
  "ar": "إيران",
  "en": "Iran",
  "ur": "ایران"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "بلد في غرب آسيا، قلب الحضارة الفارسية الإسلامية؛ عُرف تاريخياً بفارس.",
  "en": "Country in western Asia, heartland of Persianate Islamic civilisation; historic Persia."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "coordinates": [
  32,
  53
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "region",
  "coordinates": [
   32,
   53
  ],
  "coordinate_precision": "locality",
  "coordinate_note": "Wikidata Q794 coordinates; representative point for the region.",
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q794",
   "geonames": "130758"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikidata",
   "source/geonames-gazetteer"
  ],
  "importance": 2,
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "generated_by": "Devin",
   "run": "person-place-geo-merge",
   "merged_from": [
    "person-place-geo-a",
    "person-place-geo-b",
    "person-place-geo-c"
   ],
   "note": "Semantic merge of duplicate records written by parallel enrichment runs.",
   "source": "Wikidata item Q794 (labels, coordinates, country), read via the Wikidata API in the person-place geo-enrichment run.; Wikidata item Q794 (labels, coordinates, description)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 310,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-11-10",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/abbad-al-taliqani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abbas-ali-amid-zanjani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abbas-i-safavi",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: shah of Iran",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abbas-the-great-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abbas-the-great-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-abbas-the-great-ur",
    "source/wikidata-abbas-the-great",
    "source/iranica-abbas-i"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-majid-taliqani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ekhtiar-how-to-read-islamic-calligraphy-2018"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-malik-ibn-attash",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-qadir-al-badayuni",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-rahim-anbaran-qalam",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-rasul-firuzkuhi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-wahhab-al-musawwir",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-allah-ibn-jafar-al-wathhab",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdallah-al-sayrafi-calligrapher",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdallah-ibn-muhammad-nuqrahkar",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdoldjavad-falaturi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdul-aziz-mollazadeh",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdul-hussein-dastghaib",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-jafar-al-isbahani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abolqasem-lahouti",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abolqasem-lahouti-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abolqasem-lahouti-fa",
    "source/iranica-abolqasem-lahouti",
    "source/wikidata-abolqasem-lahouti"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-abdallah-al-natili",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-ahmad-al-askari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-abbas-mamun-ibn-mamun",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ismoilov-xorazmshohlar-tangalari-2025"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-baqa-al-musawi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-fadl-al-tabari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-fath-husayni",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-ghazi-bahadur",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam",
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-hasan-al-bushanji",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-husayn-al-jallabi-al-tabari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabaqat-fuqaha-abbas-1981"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-khayr-khan",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-maali-poet",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-mafakhr-al-qaini",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-wafa-al-buzjani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mawsuat-a3lam-ulama-adaba",
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2",
    "source/britannica-abu-al-wafa",
    "source/tdv-ebul-vefa-buzcani",
    "source/abu-wafa-carra-almageste-1892",
    "source/abu-wafa-youschkevitch-dsb",
    "source/abu-wafa-mactutor",
    "source/khujandi-mactutor",
    "source/abu-wafa-woepcke-constructions-1855",
    "source/raynaud-abu-wafa-latinus-2012",
    "source/iranica-abu-wafa-works"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-ali-al-khayyat",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-ali-ibn-muhammad-ghurid",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/bosworth-new-islamic-dynasties-1996"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-bakr-al-kalabadhi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-bakr-ibn-lal",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-dulaf-misar-ibn-muhalhil",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-hanifa-al-dinawari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "confidence": "low",
   "sources": [
    "source/akhbar-tiwal-amir",
    "source/muruj-al-dhahab"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-ismail-muhammad-ibn-ismail-al-sulami",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-jafar-al-hinduwani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-jafar-al-simnani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-khalaf-al-tabari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-mansur-ibn-qanna",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-nasr-al-azdi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-sahl-al-saluki",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-sahl-ibn-ziyad",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-said-al-istakhri",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-said-ismail-ibn-ahmad-al-ismaili",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabaqat-fuqaha-abbas-1981"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-shuja-al-rudhrawari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-tahir-al-saigh",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/kamil-ibn-al-athir"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/adil-shah-afsharid",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: ruler of Iran",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-islam-hasan-ibrahim"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/afrasiyab",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/agha-muhammad-khan-qajar",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: of Persia",
   "sources": [
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2",
    "source/tarikh-islam-hasan-ibrahim"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-al-bardiji",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-al-ghazali",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/kashf-zunun-furqan"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-al-quduri",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-ibn-abi-tayba-al-darimi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-ibn-ismail-al-taliqani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-ibn-khalil-al-khui",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-ibn-shah-rukh",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-mashhadi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-shah-durrani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-islam-hasan-ibrahim",
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-shah-qajar",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: shah of Qajar Iran",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-ahmad-shah-qajar-en",
    "source/wikidata-ahmad-shah-qajar",
    "source/iranica-ahmad-shah-qajar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/akbar-shah-husaini",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/zebrowski-deccani-painting-1983"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-abbas-ibn-jafar-al-zubayriqan",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-ahnaf-ibn-qays",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407",
    "source/muruj-al-dhahab",
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2",
    "source/assabile-omar-abdelkafy"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-allama-al-hilli",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (levant-iraq) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/minhaj-sunna-shamela",
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-asmandi-muhammad-ibn-abd-al-hamid",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mawsuat-a3lam-ulama-adaba"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-baharzi-abu-al-qasim-ali",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mawsuat-a3lam-ulama-adaba"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-bakharzi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-barjandi-nizam-al-din",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mawsuat-a3lam-ulama-adaba"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-bazzazi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-fadl-ibn-yahya-al-barmaki",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (levant-iraq) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-dawla-abbasiyya-taqqush",
    "source/tdv-kagit",
    "source/tdv-bermekiler",
    "source/iranica-paper-i"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-firuzabadi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-hakim-al-munajjim",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-halimi-abu-abd-allah-al-husayn-ibn-al-hasan",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mawsuat-a3lam-ulama-adaba"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-hasan-al-saghani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-hurr-al-amili",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (levant-iraq) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-iji-adud-al-din",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mawsuat-a3lam-ulama-adaba"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-isfarayini-shahfur-ibn-tahir",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mawsuat-a3lam-ulama-adaba"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-jawzajani-musa-ibn-sulayman",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mawsuat-a3lam-ulama-adaba"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-kunduri-amid-al-mulk",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab",
    "source/muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-mubarak-ibn-ahmad-al-dinawari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-mughira-ibn-al-muhallab",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wafayat-ayan"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-muhtadi-nizari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/bosworth-new-islamic-dynasties-1996"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-mustajir-billah-claimant",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-muwaffaq-al-iskafi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: of Persia",
   "sources": [
    "source/muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-nayhi-imad-al-din",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-nayrizi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/sezgin-gas-v-mathematik"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-qahir-nizari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/bosworth-new-islamic-dynasties-1996"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-qasim-ibn-ibrahim-al-rassi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-rafi-al-jili",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-ramahurmuzi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-sakkaki",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-shayhi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: from Iran",
   "sources": [
    "source/tdv-seyhi",
    "source/wikipedia-seyhi-tr",
    "source/wikidata-seyhi"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-sukraji",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-tughrai-al-wazir",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-walwalji",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-zarakani-al-hafiz",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-zarnuji",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-zubayr-ibn-abd-al-wahid-al-asadabadi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ala-al-dawla-al-simnani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-al-bistami-musannifak",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-al-fusayhi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-al-hadi-nizari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/bosworth-new-islamic-dynasties-1996"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-al-karaki",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-ghayuri",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-golzadeh-ghafouri",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-ibn-abi-tarab-ibn-fairuz",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-ibn-mamun-khwarazmshah",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ismoilov-xorazmshohlar-tangalari-2025"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-khademhosseini",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-khademhosseini-en",
    "source/wikipedia-khademhosseini-fa",
    "source/wikidata-khademhosseini"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-murad-khan-zand",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: khan of Persia",
   "sources": [
    "source/bosworth-new-islamic-dynasties-1996"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-qushji",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi",
    "source/shadharat-dhahab"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-safi-golpaygani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Iranian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/alireza-abbasi-calligrapher",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/allameh-abul-hasan-sharani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/amina-bint-al-majlisi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/amir-kabir",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: of Qajar Iran. The",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-amir-kabir-en",
    "source/wikidata-amir-kabir"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/aqa-husayn-al-khwansari",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/aqa-mirak",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/duha-islam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ardashir-i-ibn-babak",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Sasanian king.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ],
   "confidence": "medium"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ardashir-ii-ibn-hormizd",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Sasanian king.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ],
   "confidence": "medium"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ardashir-iii-ibn-shiruyeh",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Sasanian king.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ],
   "confidence": "medium"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/arman-kuanyshbayev",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/millah-kazakh-preachers-2025",
    "source/youtube-arman-kuanyshbayev"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/arslanghali",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/bosworth-new-islamic-dynasties-1996"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/asad-khan",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-asad-khan-en",
    "source/wikipedia-asad-khan-ar",
    "source/wikidata-asad-khan"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ashras-ibn-awf",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/asim-ibn-murra",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/atsiz-khwarazmshah",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/bosworth-new-islamic-dynasties-1996",
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/azad-bilgrami",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: Persian (nationality adjective); broad association, flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam",
    "source/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/azarmidokht-bint-khosrow-ii",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Sasanian queen.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ],
   "confidence": "medium"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/aziz-mian",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "From text: توفي في إيران في جولة غنائية",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-aziz-mian-en",
    "source/wikidata-aziz-mian"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/azizullah-al-majlisi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/azkajuvar-abd-allah-khwarazmshah",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Only the record-level region (persia-central-asia) is attested; broad-region edge flagged for review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ismoilov-xorazmshohlar-tangalari-2025"
   ],
   "confidence": "low"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/bahram-i-ibn-hormizd",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sasanian king ruling the land of Persia per the record's own summary.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/bahram-ii-ibn-bahram",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sasanian king ruling the land of Persia per the record's own summary.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/balash-ibn-firuz",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sasanian king ruling the land of Persia per the record's own summary.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/farhad-moshiri",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "note": "Place link from Wikidata; pending a second source.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikidata-farhad-moshiri"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/farrukhzad-khosrow",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sasanian king ruling the land of Persia per the record's own summary.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/jashnasdah",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sasanian king ruling the land of Persia per the record's own summary.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/khosrow-ii",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sasanian shahanshah 590-628 ruling the Persian empire.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-bosworth-1999"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/khurrazad-khosrow",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sasanian king ruling the land of Persia per the record's own summary.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/kimia-alizadeh",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Associated with إيران per the record's own summary text; relation type pending review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-kimia-alizadeh-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/kisra-ibn-mihrajashnas",
   "type": "under_rule_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sasanian king ruling the land of Persia per the record's own summary.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/mehdi-taremi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Associated with Iran per the record's own summary text; relation type pending review.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mehdi-taremi-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad-ibn-mulla-mir-al-husayni",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Safavid-era figure (al-A'lam; regions: persia-central-asia).",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/musa-al-natiq-bi-al-haqq",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Early-Abbasid-era figure of the Iranian world (al-A'lam; regions: persia-central-asia).",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/mustafa-ibn-al-husayn-al-tifrishi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Nisba al-Tifrishi, from Tifresh in Iran (al-A'lam; regions: persia-central-asia).",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/nusrat-abdullah-haroon",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-lady-abdullah-haroon-en"
   ],
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Sindhi activist born in Iran per the record text."
  },
  {
   "to": "person/roxana-moslehi",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikidata"
   ],
   "confidence": "medium",
   "note": "Wikidata P19 place of birth (Wikidata Q794)"
  },
  {
   "to": "person/seyed-mohsen-habibi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/shaykh-mahmud-zarin-qalam",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Persian calligrapher (al-A'lam; regions: persia-central-asia).",
   "sources": [
    "source/al-aalam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/yahya-ibn-abdallah-al-alawi",
   "type": "visited_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "Fled to Daylam after his revolt (al-Tabari/Muruj tradition).",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434",
    "source/muruj-al-dhahab"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/battle-of-siran-1120",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/ottoman-invasion-of-persia-1906",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/siege-of-dimdim",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/sunpadh-rebellion-755",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "polity/sasanian-empire",
  "person/mamun-ibn-muhammad-khwarazmshah",
  "polity/mamunid-dynasty-khwarazm",
  "award/pride-of-performance",
  "building/dimdim-castle",
  "concept/shikasta-script",
  "event/ahmad-shah-lahore-1161",
  "event/ahnaf-balkh-khwarizm"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}