{
 "id": "polity/buyid-dynasty",
 "class": "polity",
 "slug": "buyid-dynasty",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الدولة البويهية",
  "en": "Buyid dynasty"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "دولة بني بويه من الديلم؛ كانوا من قواد الديلم فتطاولوا للاستيلاء على أعمال الخلفاء العباسيين لما لم يروا عنها مدافعاً ولا لها حامية، فملكوا أصفهان والري ثم انعطفوا على بلاد فارس فملكوا شيراز وأرجان، واستولى معز الدولة على الأهواز سنة 325هـ ثم واسط وبغداد سنة 334هـ، فصار الخلفاء في كفالتهم وتحت حجرهم من خلافة المستكفي إلى انقراض دولتهم بدخول طغرلبك بغداد سنة 447هـ، وكانت دولتهم ثلاث شعب: فارس لعماد الدولة وبنيه، والجبال لركن الدولة وبنيه، والعراق لمعز الدولة وبنيه.",
  "en": "The Buyid state of the Daylamites; Daylamite commanders who reached for the Abbasid caliphs' lands when they saw them undefended, taking Isfahan and Rayy, then Fars (Shiraz and Arrajan), with Mu'izz al-Dawla seizing al-Ahwaz in 325 AH then Wasit and Baghdad in 334 — the caliphs falling under their wardship from al-Mustakfi until the dynasty's extinction at Tughril Beg's entry into Baghdad in 447. The state ran in three branches: Fars for Imad al-Dawla's line, the Jibal for Rukn al-Dawla's, and Iraq for Mu'izz al-Dawla's."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia",
  "levant-iraq"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/abbasid-fragmentation"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 934.0006297186117,
  "latest": 1055.9990280429809
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0934",
   "hijri": "0322",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "استيلاء الإخوة الثلاثة على أصفهان والري وفارس بعد قتل مرداويج؛ التحويل مشتق.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1055",
   "hijri": "0447",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "انتقل طغرلبك إلى دار الملك في شوال سنة 447هـ واستقرت قدمه في الملك والسلطان؛ التحويل مشتق.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "dynasty",
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0934",
   "hijri": "0322",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "استيلاء الإخوة الثلاثة على أصفهان والري وفارس بعد قتل مرداويج؛ التحويل مشتق.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1055",
   "hijri": "0447",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "انتقل طغرلبك إلى دار الملك في شوال سنة 447هـ واستقرت قدمه في الملك والسلطان؛ التحويل مشتق.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "ابن خلدون، العبر — الخبر عن دولة بني بويه من الديلم، ص1181-1184 و1222 (طبعة هيليوبوليس)",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "model": "swe-2-high",
   "run": "lib-ibar-east-2"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High); extracted from Ibn Khaldun al-Ibar via Apple Vision OCR"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "دولة بني بويه من الديلم، أسسها [[person/ali-ibn-buya|علي بن بويه]] وإخوته. يذكر ابن خلدون أنها بدأت سنة 322هـ (934م)، وانتهت سنة 447هـ (1055م) بدخول طغرلبك بغداد. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الصعود",
     "markdown": "كان بنو بويه من قواد الديلم. يقول ابن خلدون إنهم تطاولوا إلى أعمال الخلفاء العباسيين لما لم يروا لها مدافعاً ولا حامية. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}\n\nملكوا أصفهان والري، ثم بلاد فارس فشيراز وأرجان. واستولى معز الدولة على الأهواز سنة 325هـ، ثم على واسط وبغداد سنة 334هـ. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الخلفاء في كفالتهم",
     "markdown": "صار الخلفاء العباسيون في كفالتهم وتحت حجرهم، من خلافة المستكفي إلى انقراض دولتهم. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ثلاث شعب",
     "markdown": "- فارس: لعماد الدولة وبنيه.\n- الجبال: لركن الدولة وبنيه.\n- العراق: لمعز الدولة وبنيه. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "النهاية",
     "markdown": "انتقل طغرلبك إلى دار الملك في شوال سنة 447هـ، واستقرت قدمه في الملك والسلطان. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/buyid-dynasty",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The Buyid dynasty, of the Daylam, founded by [[person/ali-ibn-buya|Ali ibn Buya]] and his brothers. Ibn Khaldun says it began in 322 AH (934 CE) and ended in 447 AH (1055 CE), when Tughril entered Baghdad. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The rise",
     "markdown": "The Buyids were commanders of the Daylam. Ibn Khaldun says that they reached out to the territories of the Abbasid caliphs, since they saw no one to resist or defend them. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}\n\nThey ruled Isfahan and al-Ray, then the land of Persia, then Shiraz and Arrajan. Mu'izz al-Dawla took al-Ahwaz in 325 AH, and then Wasit and Baghdad in 334 AH. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The caliphs under their guardianship",
     "markdown": "The Abbasid caliphs came under their guardianship and tutelage, from the caliphate of al-Mustakfi until the end of their state. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Three branches",
     "markdown": "- Fars: for Imad al-Dawla and his sons.\n- The Jibal: for Rukn al-Dawla and his sons.\n- Iraq: for Mu'izz al-Dawla and his sons. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The end",
     "markdown": "Tughril moved to the seat of rule in Shawwal 447 AH, and his foothold in kingship and authority was secured. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/buyid-dynasty",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 6,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/al-malik-al-rahim",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-ibn-buya",
   "type": "founded_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "concept/amir-al-umara",
   "type": "related_to",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "حمل البويهيون اللقب حكّاماً فعليين",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-islam-hasan-ibrahim"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/daylam-buwayhid-rise-322",
  "person/muhammad-ibn-raiq",
  "concept/amir-al-umara",
  "person/al-malik-al-rahim",
  "person/ali-ibn-buya"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}