{
 "id": "polity/himyarite-kingdom",
 "class": "polity",
 "slug": "himyarite-kingdom",
 "label": {
  "en": "The Himyarite Kingdom",
  "ar": "مملكة حمير"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "The Himyarite power that took over Saba around 115 BCE and ruled from Zafar; its last centuries saw decline, the Abyssinian occupations after Dhu Nuwas’s massacre of Najran’s Christians, then Persian control until Badhan’s conversion in 638 CE.",
  "ar": "قوة حمير التي غلبت على سبأ نحو سنة 115ق.م وملكت من ظفار؛ شهدت قرونها الأخيرة انحطاطاً ثم الاحتلال الحبشي بعد مذبحة ذي نواس لنصارى نجران، ثم التبعية الفارسية حتى إسلام باذان سنة 638م."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/pre-islamic-arabia"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "wars-and-campaigns"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": -114.99832303195808,
  "latest": 638.9993634365892
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "-0115~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0638",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "kingdom",
  "start": {
   "edtf": "-0115~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0638",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  },
  "capitals": [
   {
    "place": "place/sanaa"
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/tafhim-al-quran",
   "source/tarikh-ard-al-quran"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin; al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 23–34 (batch 25b)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذة",
     "markdown": "مملكة حمير: ملك اليمن من ظفار بعد سبأ؛ شهدت الأخدود والاحتلالين الحبشي والفارسي."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في عرض السيرة",
     "markdown": "يفرد المباركفوري فصلاً للحكم والإمارة في العرب قبل الإسلام، يقسم فيه حكام الجزيرة إلى ملوك متوجين غير مستقلين (ملوك اليمن وآل غسان وملوك الحيرة) ورؤساء قبائل مستقلين {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/himyarite-kingdom",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The Himyarite kingdom: ruler of Yemen from Zafar after Saba'; it witnessed the Trench and the Abyssinian and Persian occupations."
    },
    {
     "heading": "In the sira presentation",
     "markdown": "Al-Mubarakpuri devotes a chapter to government and rule among the Arabs before Islam, dividing the peninsula's rulers into non-independent crowned kings (Yemen's kings, the Ghassanid house and al-Hira's kings) and independent tribal chiefs {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/himyarite-kingdom",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "event/abyssinian-occupation-of-yemen",
  "event/battle-of-dhu-qar",
  "event/battle-of-khaybar",
  "event/battle-of-the-trench",
  "event/conquest-of-mecca",
  "event/death-of-abdullah-ibn-ubayy",
  "event/expedition-of-banu-al-mustaliq",
  "event/expedition-of-usama"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}