{
 "id": "polity/lakhmid-kingdom",
 "class": "polity",
 "slug": "lakhmid-kingdom",
 "label": {
  "en": "The Lakhmid Kingdom of al-Hira",
  "ar": "مملكة الحيرة (المناذرة)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "The Arab client kingdom at al-Hira on Persia’s border: from Amr ibn Adi under Shapur until the last Lakhmid al-Mundhir (al-Maʾrur) in 632, serving the Sasanians as a buffer against Arab raiders and Rome’s own Arab clients.",
  "ar": "المملكة العربية التابعة للفرس في الحيرة على تخوم ملكهم: من عمرو بن عدي في عهد سابور حتى آخرهم المنذر الملقب بالمعرور سنة 632م؛ كانت سداً للفرس أمام إغارات البادية وموازناً لعرب الشام أعوان الروم."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "levant-iraq"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/pre-islamic-arabia"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "wars-and-campaigns"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 267.9992744546432,
  "latest": 633.0006091842774
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0268~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0632",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "kingdom",
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0268~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0632",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  },
  "capitals": [
   {
    "place": "place/al-hira"
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/muhadarat-tarikh-al-umam-al-islamiyya"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin; al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 23–34 (batch 25b)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذة",
     "markdown": "مملكة الحيرة (المناذرة): بيت لخم ولاة فارس على عرب العراق والبادية، من عمرو بن عدي إلى المنذر الأخير 632م."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في عرض السيرة",
     "markdown": "يفرد المباركفوري فصلاً للحكم والإمارة في العرب قبل الإسلام، يقسم فيه حكام الجزيرة إلى ملوك متوجين غير مستقلين (ملوك اليمن وآل غسان وملوك الحيرة) ورؤساء قبائل مستقلين {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/lakhmid-kingdom",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The kingdom of al-Hira (the Manadhira): Lakhm's house, Persia's wardens over Iraq's Arabs and the desert — from Amr ibn Adi to the last al-Nu'man, 632 CE."
    },
    {
     "heading": "In the sira presentation",
     "markdown": "Al-Mubarakpuri devotes a chapter to government and rule among the Arabs before Islam, dividing the peninsula's rulers into non-independent crowned kings (Yemen's kings, the Ghassanid house and al-Hira's kings) and independent tribal chiefs {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/lakhmid-kingdom",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "event/abyssinian-occupation-of-yemen",
  "event/battle-of-dhu-qar",
  "event/battle-of-khaybar",
  "event/battle-of-the-trench",
  "event/conquest-of-mecca",
  "event/death-of-abdullah-ibn-ubayy",
  "event/expedition-of-banu-al-mustaliq",
  "event/expedition-of-usama"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}