{
 "id": "polity/mali-empire",
 "class": "polity",
 "slug": "mali-empire",
 "label": {
  "ar": "مملكة مالي",
  "en": "Mali Empire"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "أعظم ممالك السودان الغربي الإسلامية، أسسها ماري جاطة بعد أن انتزع الملك من أيدي صوصو، وبلغت أوجها في القرن الثامن الهجري عندما امتد ملكها من منابع النيجر إلى المحيط، وحاضرة ملكها «بلد بني» (نياني) على الزرع والعمارة.",
  "en": "The greatest Islamic kingdom of the western Sudan, founded by Mari Jata after wresting power from the Susu, reaching its height in the eighth century AH when its rule stretched from the Niger headlands to the ocean approaches."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "west-africa-sahel"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/crusades-ayyubid-mamluk",
  "period/mongol-post-mongol"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1235.000650252914,
  "latest": 1611.0001574296211
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1235~",
   "hijri": "0632~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "غلب ماري جاطة على صوصو وملك جميع ما بأيديهم من ملك أهل غانة القديم؛ التاريخ تقريبي والتحويل مشتق.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1610~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "debated",
   "note": "لم يضبط ابن خلدون نهاية الملك؛ تداعى في القرن الحادي عشر الهجري أمام أهل كوكو (غاو).",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "dynasty",
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1235~",
   "hijri": "0632~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "غلب ماري جاطة على صوصو وملك جميع ما بأيديهم من ملك أهل غانة القديم؛ التاريخ تقريبي والتحويل مشتق.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1610~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "debated",
   "note": "لم يضبط ابن خلدون نهاية الملك؛ تداعى في القرن الحادي عشر الهجري أمام أهل كوكو (غاو).",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "ابن خلدون، العبر — باب الخبر عن ملوك السودان المجاورين للمغرب، ص1655-1657 (المجلد السادس، طبعة هيليوبوليس)",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "model": "swe-2-high",
   "run": "lib-ibar-maghreb-1"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High); extracted from Ibn Khaldun al-Ibar Sudan-kings chapter via Apple Vision OCR"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "مملكة مالي أعظم ممالك السودان الغربي الإسلامية في عرض ابن خلدون. أسسها ماري جاطة بعد أن انتزع الملك من أيدي صوصو. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1655-1657}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "القيام",
     "markdown": "غلب ماري جاطة على صوصو، وملك جميع ما بأيديهم من ملك أهل غانة القديم ([[polity/ghana-empire|مملكة غانة]]). التاريخ تقريبي نحو 632هـ والتحويل مشتق. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1655-1657}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأوج",
     "markdown": "بلغت المملكة أوجها في القرن الثامن الهجري، وامتد ملكها من منابع النيجر إلى المحيط. وحاضرة ملكها «بلد بني» (نياني) على الزرع والعمارة. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1655-1657}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "النهاية",
     "markdown": "لم يضبط ابن خلدون نهاية الملك. تتحدث البيانات عن تداعيه في القرن الحادي عشر الهجري أمام أهل كوكو (غاو)، وتصف تاريخ النهاية بأنه محل خلاف. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1655-1657}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/mali-empire",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The kingdom of Mali, the greatest of the Muslim kingdoms of the Western Sudan in Ibn Khaldun's account. It was founded by Mari Jata after he took power from the hands of Sosso. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1655-1657}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Foundation",
     "markdown": "Mari Jata overcame Sosso and took all that they held of the old kingdom of the people of Ghana ([[polity/ghana-empire|the Ghana kingdom]]). The date is approximate, around 632 AH, and the conversion is derived. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1655-1657}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Height",
     "markdown": "The kingdom reached its height in the eighth century AH, and its rule extended from the sources of the Niger to the ocean. Its capital was \"Bilad Bani\" (Niani), on the cultivated land and the buildings. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1655-1657}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "End",
     "markdown": "Ibn Khaldun did not record the end of the kingdom. The data speak of its collapse in the eleventh century AH before the people of Kukku (Gao), and describe the date of its end as a matter of dispute. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1655-1657}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/mali-empire",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 10,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/mansa-musa",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/mansa-sulayman",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/mari-jata",
   "type": "founded_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/mari-jata",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "polity/ghana-empire",
   "type": "successor_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/mansa-musa",
  "person/mansa-sulayman",
  "person/mari-jata",
  "event/mansa-musa-hajj-724",
  "polity/almoravid-dynasty",
  "polity/ghana-empire"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}