{
 "id": "polity/mongol-empire",
 "class": "polity",
 "slug": "mongol-empire",
 "label": {
  "ar": "دولة التتر (الإمبراطورية المغولية)",
  "en": "Mongol empire"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "دولة التتر من شعوب الترك وهم أمم من وراء الخطا نزلوا في حدود الصين؛ خرج عليهم جنكزخان ملك المغل فغلبوا على ممالك الإسلام وانتزعوا كرسي الخلافة ببغداد، ثم افترقت دولتهم إلى دول: ملوك ما وراء النهر وجوقية وبيت جوجي بالدشت وإيلخانات العراق، وأسلموا بعد ذلك.",
  "en": "The Tatar state of the Turkish nations beyond the Khita lands on China's marches; Genghis Khan, king of the Mongols, arose among them and they overran the Islamic realms and tore the caliphate's seat from Baghdad — then their state split into kingdoms: the rulers of Transoxiana, the Juchid house of the Dasht and the Ilkhans of Iraq, and in time they embraced Islam."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia",
  "china-east-asia",
  "levant-iraq"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/mongol-post-mongol"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1206.0007392348919,
  "latest": 1207.000075292411
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1206~",
   "hijri": "0602~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "decade",
   "status": "debated",
   "note": "قيام جنكزخان واجتماع المغل عليه؛ سنة تقريبية."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "empire",
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1206~",
   "hijri": "0602~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "decade",
   "status": "debated",
   "note": "قيام جنكزخان واجتماع المغل عليه؛ سنة تقريبية."
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "ابن خلدون، العبر — الخبر عن دولة التتر من شعوب الترك، ص1529-1531 (طبعة هيليوبوليس)",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "model": "swe-2-high",
   "run": "lib-ibar-east-11"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High); extracted from Ibn Khaldun al-Ibar via Apple Vision OCR"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "يعرض ابن خلدون دولة التتر بوصفهم أمماً من الترك من وراء الخطا نزلوا في حدود الصين. خرج عليهم جنكزخان ملك المغل فغلبوا على ممالك الإسلام. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1529-1531}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأثر",
     "markdown": "انتزعوا كرسي الخلافة ببغداد، ثم افترقت دولتهم إلى دول: ملوك ما وراء النهر، وجوقية، وبيت جوجي بالدشت، وإيلخانات العراق. وأسلموا بعد ذلك. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1529-1531}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المؤسس",
     "markdown": "تُنسب الدولة في البيانات إلى [[person/genghis-khan|جنكزخان]]. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar} تاريخ القيام نحو 602هـ تقريبي ومختلف فيه."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما لم يُذكر هنا",
     "markdown": "نهاية الدولة وتفاصيل الفتوح يحتاج إلى مصدر إضافي."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/mongol-empire",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Ibn Khaldun presents the Tatar state as peoples of the Turks from beyond the Khita who settled on the borders of China. Genghis Khan, king of the Mughal, rose against them and overcame the realms of Islam. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1529-1531}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Impact",
     "markdown": "They wrested the seat of the caliphate in Baghdad, and then their state split into states: the kings of Transoxiana, Juqiyya, the House of Jochi in the steppe, and the Ilkhans of Iraq. They later embraced Islam. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1529-1531}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Founder",
     "markdown": "In the data the state is attributed to [[person/genghis-khan|Genghis Khan]]. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar} The date of its founding, about 602 AH, is approximate and disputed."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Not covered here",
     "markdown": "The end of the state and the details of the conquests need a second source."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/mongol-empire",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/genghis-khan",
   "type": "founded_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "screen/wa-islamah-1961",
   "type": "subject_of",
   "inverse": true
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/death-of-khwarazmshah-617",
  "event/khwarazmshah-trader-betrayal",
  "event/mongol-eruption-617",
  "event/mongol-take-mazandaran-617",
  "event/qara-khitay-destroyed-604",
  "period/mongol-post-mongol",
  "person/chaghatay-ibn-genghis",
  "person/jochi-ibn-genghis"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}