{
 "id": "polity/qarakhanid-dynasty",
 "class": "polity",
 "slug": "qarakhanid-dynasty",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الدولة الخاقانية (القراخانية)",
  "en": "Qarakhanid dynasty"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "دولة الترك في كاشغر وأعمال تركستان؛ كانوا ملوك تركستان وقاعدتها كاشغر وساغون وخيمو إلى أطراف الشاش، وأول من أسلم منهم سبق قراخان المتسمي عبد الملك، وكانوا يطيعون بني سامان يستنفرونهم في حروبهم إلى أن أطمعهم أبو علي بن سمجور في ملك بخارى عند اضطراب الدولة السامانية في عقد التسعين والثلاثمائة، فقصد بقراخان أعمالهم وملكها، ومات في طريقه من بخارى سنة ثلاث وثمانين وأربعمائة على قراءة النص، وكان ديناً عادلاً حسن السيرة محباً للعلماء متشيعاً سنياً، فولي أخوه ايلك خان سليمان الملقب شهير الدولة فاستولى على بخارى عاشر ذي القعدة سنة تسع وثمانين من المائة الرابعة على قراءة النص وقبض على بكثرزون وعبد الملك والمخلوع أبي الحارث منصور وانقرضت دولة بني سامان.",
  "en": "The Turkic state of Kashghar and the Turkestan marches — kings of Turkestan whose seat was Kashghar with Saqun and Khimo reaching the Shash lands; the first of them to accept Islam was Sabuq Qara Khan, named Abd al-Malik, and they served the Samanids as levied allies until Abu Ali ibn Simjur tempted them with Bukhara in the Samanid collapse of the 390s — Bughra Khan took the country piecemeal and died on the road from Bukhara (the text reads year 403 of the fourth century), pious, just, learned-loving and Sunni in leaning; his brother Ilig Khan Sulayman 'Shihab al-Dawla' then entered Bukhara on 10 Dhu'l-Qa'da of year 389 on the text's reading, seized Buktuzun and Abd al-Malik and the deposed Abu'l-Harith Mansur — and the Samanid state was ended."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/buyid-seljuk-fatimid-era",
  "period/crusades-ayyubid-mamluk"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "empire",
  "sources": [
   "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "ابن خلدون، العبر — الخبر عن دولة الترك في كاشغر وأعمال تركستان، ص1153-1154 (طبعة هيليوبوليس)",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "model": "swe-2-high",
   "run": "lib-ibar-east-31"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High); extracted from Ibn Khaldun al-Ibar via Apple Vision OCR"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "دولة الترك في كاشغر وأعمال تركستان. كانوا ملوك تركستان وقاعدتها كاشغر وساغون وخيمو إلى أطراف الشاش. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "البداية",
     "markdown": "أول من أسلم منهم سبق قراخان المتسمي عبد الملك. وكانوا يطيعون بني سامان ويستنفرونهم في حروبهم. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "بخارى",
     "markdown": "أطمعهم أبو علي بن سمجور في ملك بخارى عند اضطراب الدولة السامانية في عقد التسعين والثلاثمائة، فقصد قراخان أعمالهم وملكها، ومات في طريقه من بخارى. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "وصف ابن خلدون",
     "markdown": "يصفه ابن خلدون بأنه دين عادل حسن السيرة محب للعلماء متشيع سني. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ايلك خان",
     "markdown": "ولي بعده أخوه ايلك خان سليمان الملقب شهير الدولة، فاستولى على بخارى في عاشر ذي القعدة من سنة تسع وثمانين وثلاثمائة، وقبض على بكثرزون وعبد الملك والمخلوع أبي الحارث منصور، وانقرضت دولة بني سامان. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما لم يُذكر هنا",
     "markdown": "سنة وفاة قراخان وردت في النص على قراءتين، والبيانات تشير إلى اختلاف القراءة؛ لذلك لا تُثبَّت هنا. يحتاج إلى مصدر إضافي."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/qarakhanid-dynasty",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The Turkish state in Kashgar and the lands of Turkestan. They were the kings of Turkestan, with Kashgar as their seat, and Sagun and Khimu reaching the borders of Shash. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Beginnings",
     "markdown": "The first of them to embrace Islam was Satuq Qarakhan, who called himself Abd al-Malik. They obeyed the Samanids and called them to arms in their wars. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Bukhara",
     "markdown": "Abu Ali ibn Simjur tempted them with the kingship of Bukhara when the Samanid state was unsettled in the 390s AH. Qarakhan went to their lands and took them, and died on his way from Bukhara. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Ibn Khaldun's description",
     "markdown": "Ibn Khaldun describes him as a just ruler of good conduct, a lover of scholars, a Sunni with Shi'i leanings. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Ilek Khan",
     "markdown": "His brother Ilek Khan Sulayman, called Shahir al-Dawla, succeeded him, and took Bukhara on the tenth of Dhu al-Qa'da in the year 389 AH. He seized Bakthrazun, Abd al-Malik and the deposed Abu al-Harith Mansur, and the Samanid state died out. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar p.1153-1154}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Not covered here",
     "markdown": "The year of Qarakhan's death is given in the text in two readings, and the data point to a difference in the reading, so it is not fixed here. A second source is needed."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "polity/qarakhanid-dynasty",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 6,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/bughra-khan-qarakhanid",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "الفاتح الأول لبخارى من الخاقانيين",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ilig-khan-sulayman",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "قاضي الدولة السامانية بدخوله بخارى",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/sabuq-qara-khan",
   "type": "ruled_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "أول الملوك المسلمين في تركستان",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/bughra-khan-qarakhanid",
  "person/ilig-khan-sulayman",
  "person/sabuq-qara-khan"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}