{
 "id": "source/bazaz-history-struggle-freedom-kashmir",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "bazaz-history-struggle-freedom-kashmir",
 "label": {
  "en": "Prem Nath Bazaz, The History of Struggle for Freedom in Kashmir (1954)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "كتاب بريم ناث بازاز «تاريخ نضال الحرية في كشمير» (1954): يروي فيه — وهو معاصر عرف آزاد — أن موت ابن الشاعر ذي الأربع سنوات وهو مُنقَل في ترال جعله شكّاكاً عقلانياً ومضى به نحو اللاأدرية، وأنه شرع بعدها يشكّك في الحاجة إلى الدين وعصمة الكتب ووجود الله.",
  "en": "Prem Nath Bazaz's 1954 history of the Kashmir freedom struggle: Bazaz, who knew Azad from 1942, writes that the death of the poet's four-year-old son, which he could not attend while posted at Tral, made him a skeptic and a rationalist on the way to agnosticism, and that he went on to question the need of religion, the infallibility of scriptures and the existence of God."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "reference_data",
  "title": "The History of Struggle for Freedom in Kashmir",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Bazaz",
    "given": "Prem Nath"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     1954
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Kashmir Publishing Company",
  "URL": "https://archive.org/details/historyofstruggl00prem",
  "language": "en",
  "reliability_note": "Participant-historian's history, read in the full Internet Archive scan of the 1954 Kashmir Publishing Company edition; the Azad passage stands at pp. 299–300. Bazaz writes of the son's death: 'He became a skeptic and a rationalist and though he did not confess it even to himself he was on way to agnosticism', and of the phase that followed: 'He questioned the need of religion, the infallibility of scriptures and the existence of God.' This book — not Bazaz's Inside Kashmir (1941), whose full text contains no passage on Azad at all — is the origin of the 'skeptic, a rationalist' reading repeated in the English Wikipedia biography. A partisan contemporary account, used for Bazaz's own attested reading of Azad's crisis, not alone for dates.",
  "type": "book",
  "open_access": true,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-31",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}