{
 "id": "source/britannica-ahmad-urabi",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "britannica-ahmad-urabi",
 "label": {
  "en": "ʿUrābī Pasha — Encyclopaedia Britannica"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "مدخل موسوعة بريتانيكا عن عرابي باشا؛ يُستخدم لوقائع الكيان فقط. يؤرخ ميلاده بسنة 1839 (خلافا لتوافق المصادر الأخرى على 31 مارس 1841)، ويصفه بأنه وزير حربية مصر وقائد ثورتها التي أعلنت الخديوي خائنا، ويذكر وفاته «شخصا غير محبوب في غموض نسبي» وأن صورته أُحييت في الخمسينيات مع ناصر.",
  "en": "Encyclopaedia Britannica entry on ʿUrābī Pasha; used for entity facts only. It dates his birth to 1839 (against the other sources' agreed 31 March 1841), describes him as Egypt's minister of war and the leader of a revolt that proclaimed the Khedive a traitor, and records that he died 'an unpopular figure in relative obscurity', his image revitalised in the 1950s under Nasser."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "reference_data",
  "type": "web",
  "title": "ʿUrābī Pasha",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Encyclopaedia Britannica",
    "given": ""
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     1998,
     7,
     20
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (Britannica.com biography, published 20 July 1998, last updated 17 September 2026)",
  "URL": "https://www.britannica.com/biography/Urabi-Pasha",
  "language": "en",
  "reliability_note": "National-encyclopedia entry, read in full at Britannica's own site on 24 October 2026. It gives: Aḥmad ʿUrābī Pasha, born 1839 (the entry's dating; the English and Arabic Wikipedia articles and Wikidata's precise claim give 31 March 1841, which the record follows and notes), died 21 September 1911 in Cairo; Egyptian nationalist and officer of fellah origin; educated at al-Azhar; leader of the movement against Turco-Circassian privilege and Anglo-French financial control; Minister of War from February 1882 in the nationalist ministry; the revolt demanded a constitution and parliamentary rights over the budget; after the Alexandria riots and the British bombardment he organised resistance and the Khedive was proclaimed a traitor; defeated at Tell el-Kebir (13 September 1882); exiled to Ceylon; pardoned and returned in 1901; died an unpopular figure in relative obscurity, his image revitalised in the 1950s by Gamal Abdel Nasser. It names no religion or school for him — a silence the record's faith note relies on.",
  "open_access": true,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-25",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}