{
 "id": "source/geaves-sufism-britain-quilliam",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "geaves-sufism-britain-quilliam",
 "label": {
  "en": "Geaves — Quilliam's self-definition as an Ottoman Hanafi"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "ورقة رون غيفز الأكاديمية عن تاريخ التصوف في بريطانيا وتطوره، وفيها أن كويليام «عرّف نفسه بأنه حنفي عثماني» متمسكاً بالإسلام التقليدي، وأنه عدّ الوهابية تمرداً على الخلافة السنية المشروعة، وأنه لا دليل على انتمائه لطريقة صوفية.",
  "en": "Ron Geaves's scholarly paper on the history and development of Sufism in Britain, which reports that Quilliam 'defined himself as an Ottoman Hanafi with an allegiance to traditional Islam', that he considered the Wahhabi movement a rebellion against the legitimate Sunni Caliphate, and that there is no evidence he was a Sufi in the tariqa sense."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "reference_data",
  "title": "The History and Development of Sufism in Britain",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Geaves",
    "given": "Ron"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2013
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Islam in a Multicultural World (conference proceedings, Kazan, 2013), pp. 233-252; drawing on the author's Islam in Victorian Britain: The Life and Times of Abdullah Quilliam (Kube, 2010)",
  "URL": "https://dspace.kpfu.ru/xmlui/bitstream/net/111087/-1/THE_HISTORI_AND_DEVELOPMENT2013_233_252.pdf",
  "language": "en",
  "reliability_note": "Peer-context scholarly paper by Quilliam's academic biographer, read in full. It is the only source found that names a school for Quilliam himself — his reported self-definition as an 'Ottoman Hanafi' — and it expressly forecloses a Sufi reading in the tariqa sense. It restates the author's own 2010 biography, so it is ONE scholarly family: under the lane's two-source rule the Hanafi reading is preserved in the person record as a flagged question, not settled from this source alone.",
  "type": "web",
  "open_access": true,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-31",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}