{
 "id": "source/khazini-hall-dsb",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "khazini-hall-dsb",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الخازني وميزان الحكمة — روبرت هول",
  "en": "Al-Khazini and the balance of wisdom — Robert E. Hall",
  "ur": "الخازنی اور میزان الحکمہ — رابرٹ ہال"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "دراسة معجمية موسعة للحياة والمؤلفات والموازين، تفصل الموروث النظري من تحسينات الآلة وتناقش مصادر النص.",
  "en": "Extended scholarly biography separating inherited theory from instrument refinements and examining the textual evidence.",
  "ur": "مفصل علمی سوانح جو موروثی نظریے اور آلے کی بہتری کو الگ کرتی اور متنی شہادت جانچتی ہے۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "secondary",
  "type": "article",
  "title": "Al-Khazini, Abu'l-Fath 'Abd al-Rahman",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Hall",
    "given": "Robert E."
   }
  ],
  "publisher": "Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography, reproduced by Encyclopedia.com",
  "language": "en",
  "URL": "https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/al-khazini-abul-fath-abd-al-raman-sometimes-abu-manur-abd-al-raman-or-abd-al-rahman-manur",
  "open_access": true,
  "reliability_note": "Read the biographical opening, balance-book discussion and introduction, historical predecessors, technical Balance of Wisdom section, binary-alloy qualification and selected notes; verified Robert E. Hall's byline. No printed page numbers or original publication year invented from the undated reproduction. Web text has encoding/OCR damage: do not reproduce its broken formulae or names. Hall cautions that the1859 English translation contains errors. Sensitivity is a historical reported claim, not independently replicated. The al-Bayhaqi biography and modern studies cited by Hall were not independently read.",
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Copilot SDK in VS Code"
  },
  "provenance": {
   "generated_by": "Copilot SDK in VS Code",
   "model": "unknown",
   "run": "inventions-p3-b24",
   "source": "Actual scholarly article and named technical sections read in browser; not search synthesis"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-11-05",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}