{
 "id": "source/lienhard-firnas-1910",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "lienhard-firnas-1910",
 "label": {
  "ar": "ابن فرناس — جون لينهارد، جامعة هيوستن",
  "en": "Ibn Firnas — John Lienhard, University of Houston",
  "ur": "ابن فرناس — جان لینہارڈ، جامعہ ہیوسٹن"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "حلقة1910 من تاريخ التقنية تعرض حكاية الطيران؛ وتضيف تنبيهاً لاحقاً إلى ضعف قصة أرمين فيرمان.",
  "en": "Technology-history episode1910 recounting flight, with a later caveat about the thin Armen Firman story.",
  "ur": "تاریخِ تکنیک کی قسط1910 میں پرواز کی حکایت اور ارمین فرمان کے قصے پر بعد کا تحفظ ہے۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "secondary",
  "type": "website",
  "title": "'Abbas Ibn Firnas — The Engines of Our Ingenuity, No. 1910",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Lienhard",
    "given": "John H."
   }
  ],
  "publisher": "University of Houston, College of Engineering",
  "language": "en",
  "URL": "https://engines.egr.uh.edu/episode/1910",
  "open_access": true,
  "reliability_note": "Actual full episode and 8 July2009 postscript read. Narrative gives875 and a tower, then flags no primary material for Armen Firman and possible confusion of names/date/details in secondary writing. Use875 only as this explicitly uncertain secondary chronology, not primary confirmation. No supported duration/distance or causal link from injury to death. Vernet's DSB reference was not independently read. Uncredited artist's impression has unknown source and is not reused.",
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Copilot SDK in VS Code"
  },
  "provenance": {
   "generated_by": "Copilot SDK in VS Code",
   "model": "unknown",
   "run": "inventions-p3-b30",
   "source": "Actual university episode including its corrective postscript, not a search summary"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-11-05",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}