{
 "id": "source/samawal-mactutor",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "samawal-mactutor",
 "label": {
  "ar": "السموأل — سيرة ماكتوتر الرياضية",
  "en": "Al-Samawal — MacTutor biography",
  "ur": "سموأل — میک ٹیوٹر کی سوانح"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "سيرة تشرح الباهر والشاهد على عمل الكرجي المفقود وتاريخ التحول الديني.",
  "en": "Biography explaining al-Bahir, its witness to lost Karaji work and the conversion chronology.",
  "ur": "الباہر، کرجی کے گم شدہ کام کے شاہد اور مذہبی تبدیلی کی ترتیب بیان کرتی سوانح۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "secondary",
  "type": "article",
  "title": "Ibn Yahya al-Maghribi Al-Samawal",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "O'Connor",
    "given": "J. J."
   },
   {
    "family": "Robertson",
    "given": "E. F."
   }
  ],
  "publisher": "MacTutor History of Mathematics, University of St Andrews",
  "language": "en",
  "URL": "https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Samawal/",
  "open_access": true,
  "reliability_note": "Actual biography read: youthful al-Bahir, four-book structure, Book2 coefficient rule attributed to Karaji, sole surviving account, early recursive reasoning and8 November1163 conversion. Approximate birth/header not used to invent composition1149. No personal Sunni affiliation inferred; transmitted translated passages are secondary testimony, not an original-text reading.",
  "provenance": {
   "generated_by": "github-copilot",
   "model": "unknown",
   "run": "inventions-p3-b98",
   "source": "Actual St Andrews biography and author/update footer; sources cited therein not independently read. This is a source definition, not an own-research derivative of an unrelated source."
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 3
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-11-07",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}