{
 "id": "source/tdv-ictihad",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "tdv-ictihad",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الاجتهاد — موسوعة TDV الإسلامية ⁦(يونس أبايدين)⁩",
  "en": "İCTİHAD — TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (H. Yunus Apaydın)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "مدخل «اجتهاد» في موسوعة TDV الإسلامية ⁦(المجلد 21، إسطنبول 2000، ص 432–445)⁩ بقلم يونس أبايدين، يتناول فكرة الاجتهاد وتطورها، وشروط المجتهد، والمجتهد المطلق والمقيد، وطبقات المجتهدين، وحكم الاجتهاد، وقضية إغلاق باب الاجتهاد، والعلاقة بين الاجتهاد والإفتاء والقضاء.",
  "en": "The TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi entry 'İCTİHAD' (vol. 21, Istanbul 2000, pp. 432–445) by H. Yunus Apaydın. It covers the idea of ijtihad and its development, the conditions for a mujtahid, absolute and restricted mujtahids, the tiers of mujtahids, the legal status of ijtihad, the question of the closing of the gate, and the relation of ijtihad to fatwa and judgement."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "reference_data",
  "type": "web",
  "title": "İCTİHAD",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Apaydın",
    "given": "H. Yunus"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2000
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "TDV İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi, TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 21 (Istanbul, 2000), pp. 432–445; web edition",
  "URL": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ictihad",
  "language": "tr",
  "reliability_note": "Read on 1 November 2026 in the web edition, printed pages 432–445 (the entry's own line). Read in full: the sections on the relation of ijtihad to fatwa and judgement, the mujtahid tiers (absolute and restricted, the Hanafi and the Shafi'i and Hanbali scales), the legal status of ijtihad, the closing-of-the-gate question, and the modern calls for renewed ijtihad. Read in part: the sections on the sources and tools of the mujtahid and on the difference of the mujtahids (the first sentences of each). Not read: the bibliography, cited by name only where the entry's text names the work.",
  "open_access": true,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-haiku-5-5)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-11-06",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}