{
 "id": "source/tdv-tip",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "tdv-tip",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الطِّبّ — موسوعة TDV الإسلامية ⁦(بيتر إ. بورمان)⁩",
  "en": "TIP (Medicine) — TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (Peter E. Pormann)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "القسم الأول من مدخل «التِّبّ» في موسوعة TDV الإسلامية، بقلم بيتر إ. بورمان ⁦(المجلد 41، إسطنبول 2012، ص 95–101)⁩. يتناول معنى الكلمة، والطب قبل الإسلام، والترجمة، ونظرية الأخلاط، والتشخيص والعلاج، وتكوين الأطباء، والحسبة، وطب النبي وطب الأطباء، ومصير الطب في الغرب اللاتيني.",
  "en": "The first part of the TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi entry 'TIP' (medicine) by Peter E. Pormann (vol. 41, Istanbul 2012, pp. 95–101). It covers the meaning of the word, medicine before Islam, translation, humoral theory, diagnosis and treatment, the training of physicians, the examination of practitioners, the prophetic medicine literature and the transmission of Islamic medicine to Latin Europe."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "reference_data",
  "type": "web",
  "title": "TIP",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Pormann",
    "given": "Peter E."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2012
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "TDV İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi, TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 41 (Istanbul, 2012), pp. 95–101; web edition",
  "URL": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/tip",
  "language": "tr",
  "reliability_note": "Read in full on 1 November 2026 in the web edition, first part of the entry (Pormann, printed pp. 95–101). The Ottoman part is the separate second part by Nil Sarı (tdv-tip-osmanli). The bibliography names many works (Galen, Râzî, Huneyn b. İshak, Ibn Sina, Ibn al-Nafis, Sulami, Zahabi, Savage-Smith, Pormann's monographs) that were not read for this record; those are not cited here except as the entry itself reports them, with the entry as source.",
  "open_access": true,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-haiku-5-5)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-11-06",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}