{
 "id": "source/wikipedia-ziya-gokalp-en",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "wikipedia-ziya-gokalp-en",
 "label": {
  "en": "Ziya Gökalp — English Wikipedia"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "مقالة ويكيبيديا الإنجليزية عن ضياء كوك ألب؛ تُستخدم لوقائع الكيان فقط حيث تستشهد المقالة بمصدر. تؤرخ ميلاده في 23 مارس 1876 بديار بكر ووفاته في 25 أكتوبر 1924 بإسطنبول، وتفصّل مساره في جمعية الاتحاد والترقي ومنفاه إلى مالطا وفكره القومي وتأثيره في الكمالية.",
  "en": "English Wikipedia article on Ziya Gökalp; used for entity facts only where the article cites a source. It dates his birth to 23 March 1876 at Diyarbakır and his death to 25 October 1924 at Istanbul, and details his Committee of Union and Progress career, his Malta exile, his nationalist thought and his influence on Kemalism."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "reference_data",
  "type": "web",
  "title": "Ziya Gökalp",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Wikipedia contributors",
    "given": ""
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026,
     10,
     9
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Wikipedia (English), revision 1379354150 of 9 October 2026",
  "URL": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziya_G%C3%B6kalp",
  "language": "en",
  "reliability_note": "Pointer for entity facts only (Wikipedia broad rule, AGENTS.md): a fact is used only where the article cites a source for it. A long, well-referenced article (Parla, Kieser, Uzer, Jongerden among its sources). It covers his birth at Diyarbakır to Muhammad Tefvik Bey and Zeliha Hanım, the debate over his family's origins and his own answer that nationality rests on upbringing, his 1895 suicide attempt, his veterinary studies and ten months in prison, the founding of the Diyarbakır CUP office in July 1908, Genç Kalemler at Salonica, his move to Istanbul in 1912, his Malta exile of 1919–1921 during which he drafted The Principles of Turkism (1923), his return, his education-committee work and death on 25 October 1924; his thought — the rejection of Ottomanism and Islamism for Turkish nationalism under Durkheim's influence, the Turkification programme, the three stages of Turkist identity, the formula of Turkification, Islamization and Westernization (via Seyhun), and, via Alp Eren Topal, the neglected influence of Sufism and his admiration for the Naqshbandiyya's solidarity and for Ibn Arabi's idealism; and his legacy, including the opposed readings of his Turanism (Parla) and the suggestion by some historians that his nationalism contributed to the context of the Armenian genocide. It names no madhhab for him. Read in full on 24 October 2026.",
  "open_access": true,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-25",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}