{
 "id": "work/hassan-poem-kunna-muluk-al-nas",
 "class": "work",
 "slug": "hassan-poem-kunna-muluk-al-nas",
 "label": {
  "ar": "قصيدة حسان «كنا ملوك الناس قبل محمد»",
  "en": "Hassan ibn Thabit's poem 'We were the kings of men before Muhammad'"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "قصيدة لحسان بن ثابت على روي اللام في فخر الأنصار: كانوا ملوك الناس قبل محمد ثم أكرمهم الله بنصر دينه؛ تمدح كرمهم وعدلهم وتختم بسعد بن معاذ وحنظلة غسيل الملائكة. أثبت ابن هشام أن قوله «وألبسناه اسماً» عن غير ابن إسحاق، ونقل المحققون روايات الديوان.",
  "en": "A lam-rhymed poem by Hassan ibn Thabit in praise of the Ansar: kings of men before Muhammad, then honoured by God through the victory of his religion; it praises their generosity and justice and closes with Sa'd ibn Mu'adh and Hanzala washed by the angels. Ibn Hisham marks one phrase as from other than Ibn Ishaq; the editors record the diwan's variant readings."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "literature"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "poem",
  "genre": [
   "poetry"
  ],
  "made": {
   "by_muslims": true,
   "basis": "unverified",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  "authors": [
   "person/hassan-ibn-thabit"
  ],
  "language": "language/arabic",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "sira-ibn-hisham saqqa 1936, juz' 4 p. 201",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code",
   "model": "claude-fable-5-1",
   "run": "ibn-hisham-batch-8a"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Fable 5.1; mined from Ibn Hisham juz' 4 p. 201"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "قصيدة قصيرة على روي اللام يرويها ابن إسحاق [[person/hassan-ibn-thabit|لحسان بن ثابت]] في فخر [[group/ansar|الأنصار]]، تلي قصيدته في تعداد المغازي. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مضمون القصيدة",
     "markdown": "يبدأ الشاعر بأن قومه كانوا ملوك الناس قبل محمد، فلما جاء الإسلام كان لهم «القَفْل» أي الرجوع إلى العز، وأكرمهم الله بأيام لا شبيه لها بنصر الإله والرسول ودينه. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201} ثم يمدح قومه بأنهم خير قوم بأسرهم: يُصلحون بالمعروف معروف من مضى، ولا بخل على سائلهم، وحربهم حتف وسِلمهم مَهْل، وجارهم موفٍ، وحاملهم يفي بكل حَمالة، وقائلهم ينطق بالحق، وحلمهم قديم وحكمهم عدل. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201} ويختم بأن منهم أمين المسلمين في حياته ومن غسلته الملائكة من جنابته. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}\n\nومطلعها: «كنا ملوك الناس قبل محمد فلما أتى الإسلام كان لنا القفل». {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الرواية والنسبة",
     "markdown": "يقول ابن هشام إن قوله «وألبسناه اسماً» عن غير ابن إسحاق. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "من شرح المحققين",
     "markdown": "يعرّف المحققون أمين المسلمين في البيت الأخير بأنه [[person/sad-ibn-muadh|سعد بن معاذ]]، ومن غسلته الرسل بأنه [[person/hanzala-ibn-abi-amir|حنظلة]] الذي غسلته الملائكة حين استشهد يوم [[event/battle-of-uhud|أحد]]، و«الرسل» هنا الملائكة. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201} ويقابلون أبيات القصيدة برواية ديوان حسان ويثبتون اختلاف ترتيب بعض الأبيات وألفاظها، ومنها أن البيت «وإن حاربوا أو سالموا» يأتي في الديوان قبل آخر بيت. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201} ويفسّرون «يربّون» بيصلحون، و«اختُبطوا» بقُصدوا في مجلسهم، و«العلياء» بالموضع المرتفع، و«الحمالة» بما يتحمله الإنسان من غرم في دية، و«عَوْد» بقديم متكرر. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "work/hassan-poem-kunna-muluk-al-nas",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "A short qasida on the rhyme of the lam, which Ibn Ishaq transmits from [[person/hassan-ibn-thabit|Hassan ibn Thabit]] in praise of the [[group/ansar|Ansar]]. It follows his qasida enumerating the campaigns. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Content of the qasida",
     "markdown": "The poet begins by saying that his people were the kings of the people before Muhammad; when Islam came, they had the \"qafl\", meaning a return to honour, and God honoured them with days like no other for the victory of God, His Messenger and his religion. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201} He then praises his people as the best of peoples altogether: they reform by right what their predecessors did, they are not stingy with those who ask them, their war is death and their peace is delay, their neighbour is protected, their bearer keeps every undertaking, their speaker speaks the truth, their forbearance is ancient and their judgement just. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201} It ends by saying that among them is the trusted one of the Muslims in his lifetime, and the one whom the angels washed of his impurity. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}\n\nThe qasida opens with a line that says they were the kings of the people before Muhammad, and when Islam came they had the return to honour. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The transmission",
     "markdown": "Ibn Hisham says that the line \"and We clothed him with a name\" comes from a source other than Ibn Ishaq. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Commentators' glosses",
     "markdown": "The editors identify the \"trusted one of the Muslims\" in the last line as [[person/sad-ibn-muadh|Sa'd ibn Mu'adh]], and the man whom the angels washed as [[person/hanzala-ibn-abi-amir|Hanzala]], whom the angels washed when he was martyred on the day of [[event/battle-of-uhud|Uhud]]; \"al-rusul\" here means the angels. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201} They compare the lines of the qasida with the text in the diwan of Hassan, and note differences in order and wording. One of these is that the line \"and if they fought or made peace\" comes before the last line in the diwan. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201} They gloss \"yurabbun\" as \"they reform\", \"ukhtubit\" as \"they were targeted in their assembly\", \"al-ulya\" as a high place, \"al-hamala\" as what a person bears of a liability in blood-money, and \"awd\" as ancient and repeated. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/201}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "work/hassan-poem-kunna-muluk-al-nas",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 8,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/hassan-ibn-thabit",
   "type": "authored_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "group/ansar",
   "type": "mentions",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/sad-ibn-muadh",
   "type": "mentions",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "«أمين المسلمين» في البيت الأخير هو سعد بن معاذ بحسب المحققين (ص201 ح10)",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/hanzala-ibn-abi-amir",
   "type": "mentions",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "«من غسلته من جنابته الرسل» هو حنظلة الذي غسلته الملائكة يوم أحد بحسب المحققين (ص201 ح10)",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "group/ansar",
  "work/hassan-poem-enumerating-the-maghazi",
  "work/hassan-poem-qawmi-ulaika",
  "work/hassan-reply-to-zibriqan",
  "work/hassan-second-reply-to-zibriqan",
  "person/al-harith-ibn-aws",
  "person/hassan-ibn-thabit",
  "place/medina"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}