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tariw" knda tarix al(alm :to nhai* alqrn
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m /frad 8zriab" abn r%d0 wjma(at 8almslm
wn waln&aro walihwd0 fi hwitha w?qaftha"
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m4 altwtrat bin aljma(at tu(r$ kma trwih
a alm&adr dwn :km4 w?iq* almnhj alti ruw
j(t The Ontario Curriculum, Grades #11 a
nd #12: Canadian and World Studies, #201
5 ruwj(t alrmwz fi #23 /ktwbr #2026 m   
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* w?qaf* mjtm( /ndlsi mzdhr" w/n i:l,l t
ra?h al?qafi walsiasi fi /wrwba wal(alm 
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l alm&adr7 v 7mn kan (lo :q7; almt:f v i
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lsabq altali #1 ma al/ndls8 asm al/r$ al
ti :kmha almslmwn fi %bh aljzir* al.ibir
i* mn #711 .lo #1492. al/ndls #2 qr)b* a
l/mwi* /mir far, mn dm%q ibni dwl*" wxvf
* tu(ln sn* #929. qr)b*   alxvf* al/mwi*
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:l qrnin3 al(mar* bw&fha sias*4 jam( qr)
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&r3 ma tqwlh alm&adr (n :jmha wma lm ibq
4 xzan* ktb q&r qr)b* #5 zriab mwsiqi mn
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bn r%d al:fid #7 <rna)* >xr .mar* .svmi*
 fi al/ndls wqd $aqt al/r$4 <rna)*   mml
k* <rna)* #8 al:mra' q&r w:&n wmdin*3 al
zxrf* walma' walx)4 q&r al:mra' islam.mu
seum/ar/exhibits/pathway-g#11-chw#3m-al-
andalus/ ams: alrmz lft: h!h al&f:* &rt 
al>n t(rf /$( al/ndls fi alzman walmkan 
w/sm,i mra:lha alkbro4   #1 , #2 , #7 /q
i,m .sham frdin (lo al/ql fi ?qaf* al/nd
ls4   #5 , #6 /:l,l ma bqi mn tra? al/nd
ls fi al(mar* walfkr4   #3 , #4 , #6 , #
8 f:& al.tqan xms* /syl* (m,a m%it fih4 
tu&:1,: (lo jhazk" wv iu:f= .v xtm alnja
: fi jwazk4 i:taj alt&:i: .lo JavaScript
; al/syl* wmfta:ha tuqr/ wtu)b( bdwnh4 a
ls|al #1 mn #5 bin /i sntin :km almslmwn
 /r$2a fi %bh aljzir* al.ibiri*8 #622 #7
50 #711 #1492 #1099 #1291 #1453 #1650 t(
l,mha fi alx)w* #1: ma al/ndls8 als|al #
2 mn #5 lma!a tws,( jam( qr)b* mrar2a8 l
/n almdin* nmt w/rad al:kam .=har qwthm 
l/n alzvzl hdmth l/nh &ar q&r2a lm itws,
( q) t(l,mha fi alx)w* #3: jam( qr)b* al
s|al #3 mn #5 mn kan zriab8 qa$9 mn <rna
)* xlif* qr)b* )bib mn bxaro mwsiqi mn b
<dad <i,r !wq al/ndls t(l,mha fi alx)w* 
#5: zriab als|al #4 mn #5 bma!a a%thr ab
n r%d (nd al/wrwbiin8 b%rw:h (lo /rs)w b
xray)h b/%(arh bsfnh t(l,mha fi alx)w* #
6: abn r%d als|al #5 mn #5 ma al:mra'8 m
ktb* fi qr)b* msjd fi .%bili* q&r w:&n f
i <rna)* jzir* qrb )li)l* t(l,mha fi alx
)w* #8: al:mra' mn jdid mfta: al.jabat 8
llm(lm0 bin /i sntin :km almslmwn /r$2a 
fi %bh aljzir* al.ibiri*8   #711 #1492 (
t(l,mha fi alx)w* #1: ma al/ndls80 lma!a
 tws,( jam( qr)b* mrar2a8   l/n almdin* 
nmt w/rad al:kam .=har qwthm 8t(l,mha fi
 alx)w* #3: jam( qr)b*0 mn kan zriab8   
mwsiqi mn b<dad <i,r !wq al/ndls 8t(l,mh
a fi alx)w* #5: zriab0 bma!a a%thr abn r
%d (nd al/wrwbiin8   b%rw:h (lo /rs)w 8t
(l,mha fi alx)w* #6: abn r%d0 ma al:mra'
8   q&r w:&n fi <rna)* 8t(l,mha fi alx)w
* #8: al:mra'0     a:keha mn jdid a:ke m
a t(l,mth bklmatk /nt4 ma tktbh ibqo (lo
 h!a aljhaz fq)" wv iqr|h /:d <irk4 /$( 
al/ndls fi alzman walmkan w/sm,i mra:lha
 alkbro4 /qi,m .sham frdin (lo al/ql fi 
?qaf* al/ndls4 /:l,l ma bqi mn tra? al/n
dls fi al(mar* walfkr4 :kituha l/:d alkb
ar aktb jmltin (lo al/ql" /w $( (vm* /nk
 :kitha" liu:sb lk xtm fi aljwaz4 ams: m
a ktbt wrq* al(ml /jb bklmatk b(d kl x)w
*; kl s|al i(wd .lo &f:* mn almt:f4 avsm
3 ______________ al&f3 ________ altarix3
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1492 w$( (lih qr)b* al/mwi* w.(vn alxvf*
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ar2a8 ma al!i iqwlh !lk (n al:akm8 ma!a 
jlb zriab mn b<dad .lo qr)b*8 a!kr ?v?* 
/%ia'4 kif w&l fkr abn r%d .lo jam(at /w
rwba alvtini*8 axtr (n&r2a wa:d2a mn al:
mra' wbi,n ma iqwlh (n ?qaf* <rna)*4 mja
ni wmftw:3 a)b( waqtbs w(d,l" bv :sab wv
 bianat tvmi!4 islam.museum/ar/learn/tea
chers/pathways/g#11-chw#3m-al-andalus/ a
ms: alrmz lft: h!h al&f:*