Aref Qazvini — Encyclopaedia Iranica

Encyclopaedia Iranica entry 'Aref Qazvini' by Jalal Matini; used for entity facts. It recounts his schooling at Qazvin and his father's forcing him to learn rawda-khwani, his singing at Mozaffar al-Din Shah's court, his constitutionalist support and Istanbul exile, and his death on 1 Bahman 1312 (21 January 1934) with burial in the courtyard of the Avicenna mausoleum at Hamadan.

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islam.museum contributors. “Aref Qazvini — Encyclopaedia Iranica”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/source/iranica-aref-qazvini/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-26.

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