هاشِمة

هاشِمة

Hashima in the lexical sense is a wound that breaks the bone of the head; for the majority it is a wound that breaks the bone, the Shafi'is adding that it does so even without separating the flesh or exposing the bone, and the Hanbalis and some Shafi'is defining it as a wound that exposes and breaks the bone. ¹ No retaliation is due for it, by agreement, and compensation is due. ^{1 2} The Shafi'is and Hanbalis fix it at ten camels, on the ruling of Zayd ibn Thabit; the Hanafis at a tenth of the full diya; the Malikis differ according to their definitions. ^{1 2 3} When a hashima accompanies a muwadiha, the compensations combine, and the victim may take retaliation for the muwadiha, with the schools differing on the extra arsh. ^{3 4} The Malikis give discretionary compensation for a broken bone in the body where retaliation is excluded, and most jurists do not call a break in the body other than the head or face a hashima. ⁴