Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prizes are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted on the principle of "the greatest benefit to humankind", first awarded in 1901 on the fifth anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death, in the five fields his will specified: physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace; a Prize in Economic Sciences was established in 1968 by Sweden's central bank and first awarded in 1969. ¹

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences selects the laureates in physics, chemistry and economics, the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute those in physiology or medicine, the Swedish Academy those in literature, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee those for peace. ¹ Each laureate receives a gold medal, a diploma and a monetary award of 12 million Swedish kronor as of 2026; no more than three people may share a prize, and prizes are not awarded posthumously. ¹ The prizes are presented in Stockholm on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death, except the Peace Prize, which is presented in Oslo. ¹

Between 1901 and 2026 the five prizes and the economics prize were awarded 633 times to 1,018 people and organisations. ¹ The youngest laureate is Malala Yousafzai, who received the Peace Prize in 2014 at the age of 17. ¹

Ahmed Zewail, who received the Chemistry prize alone in 1999, is linked to this award in the museum; every win is recorded on the laureate's own record with its source, and the list of honoured records on this page is drawn from those records. ¹

• English Wikipedia article on the Nobel Prize, revision of 17 October 2026; the sourced infobox and lead were used. ¹