The conquered imitating the conqueror

اقتداء المغلوب بالغالب

The defeated adopt their victors' dress, manners and creeds, fancying them perfected — and conquest hastens a nation's extinction 1.

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Overview

Among Ibn Khaldun's best-known rules in the Muqaddima is that the defeated always tends to imitate the victor in his emblem, dress, creed, and all his conditions and customs. 2

His explanation

He explains this by saying that the soul believes in the perfection of whoever has overcome it and to whom it has submitted. Either because it sees him as perfect, given the veneration firmly established in it for him; or because it deceives itself, believing that its submission is not due to a natural defeat but to the perfection of the victor. When this becomes established, it becomes a conviction, and it adopts the doctrines of the victor and imitates him. 2

He adds that when a nation is defeated and comes under the rule of another, its end comes quickly. 2

This is Ibn Khaldun's rule, and the museum presents it as an opinion attributed to him. What is not recorded here: the critique of scholars. It needs a further source.

Sources

  1. Muqaddimat Ibn Khaldun, p. 144-145
  2. Muqaddimat Ibn Khaldun, p.144-145
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The conquered imitating the conqueror”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/iqtida-al-maghlub-bil-ghalib/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-18.

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