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Muhaqqaq script

Made Objects Words

خط المحقق

One of the six proportional pens, the large partner of rayhan, suited to large Qur'ans; Ahmad ibn al-Suhrawardi wrote the colophon of the "Anonymous Baghdad Qur'an" (707 AH) in it 1 2.

Depth

At a glance

Region
Global / Diaspora

Arts of the book

Summary

Muhaqqaq is one of the six pens, paired with rayhan, its smaller variant. Maryam Ekhtiar notes that with thuluth it suited large Qur'ans. 1 3

The Met's example

The Met holds the colophon of the "Anonymous Baghdad Qur'an", written in muhaqqaq in 707 AH/1307–8 CE by Ahmad ibn al-Suhrawardi al-Bakri, pupil of Yaqut al-Musta'simi; it is a large thirty-part Qur'an made at Baghdad in the Ilkhanid period. 2

Connections

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Exemplified by
Ibn al-Sa'igh (Abd al-Rahman ibn Yusuf), calligrapher· The "Anonymous Baghdad Qur'an" (707 AH/1307–8)

People and things also explored

The "Anonymous Baghdad Qur'an" (707 AH/1307–8)· Ibn al-Sa'igh (Abd al-Rahman ibn Yusuf), calligrapher· Baghdad· Cairo· Abbasid tin-glazed ware· Ahmadnagar painting· Proportional script and the six pens (al-aqlam al-sitta)· Arabesque

Sources

  1. Maryam D. Ekhtiar, How to Read Islamic Calligraphy (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2018) , p. 25
  2. Maryam D. Ekhtiar, How to Read Islamic Calligraphy (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2018) , p. 37
  3. Maryam D. Ekhtiar, How to Read Islamic Calligraphy (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2018) , p. 26
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Muhaqqaq script”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/muhaqqaq-script/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-11-04.

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The "Anonymous Baghdad Qur'an" (707 AH/1307–8)

A large thirty-part Qur'an made at Baghdad in 707 AH/1307–8 CE under the Ilkhanids, written by Ahmad ibn al-Suhrawardi, pupil of Yaqut, and illuminated by Muhammad ibn Aybak ibn Abdallah; possibly commissioned by the ruler or one of his viziers.