Name: The Arab Revolt
Start: 1916
End: 1918

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Hussein bin Ali al-Hashimi

Hussein bin Ali al-Hashimi (born at Istanbul in 1853 – died at Amman on 4 June 1931) was Sharif and Emir of Mecca from November 1908, a descendant of Hasan ibn Ali through the Banu Qatadah branch that had ruled Mecca since 1201. After his correspondence with the British high commissioner McMahon he proclaimed the Great Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire on 10 June 1916 and became King of the Hejaz; he refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles in protest at the Balfour Declaration, and in 1917 and 1918 issued decrees protecting Armenian refugees. After Turkey abolished the caliphate on 3 March 1924 he was proclaimed Caliph, a claim opposed by Britain, France and the Wahhabis; in October 1924, as Ibn Saud advanced, he abdicated to his son Ali, was exiled to Cyprus in June 1925, was brought back to Amman in late 1930, died there and was buried at the Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem. His son Abdullah became King of Jordan and his son Faisal King of Iraq.

The Arab Revolt

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Hussein bin Ali al-Hashimi