Mohammed V of Morocco

Muhammad V (Mohammed V) was the ruler of Morocco from 1927 to 1961, reigning as sultan until 1957 and then as the first king of Morocco. A member of the Alawi dynasty, he was born on 10 August 1909 at Fes, the third and youngest son of Sultan Yusef, and was enthroned as sultan on his father's death in 1927. He played an instrumental role in restoring Morocco's independence from the French and Spanish protectorates, and died on 26 February 1961 at Rabat, succeeded by his eldest son Hassan II. ^{1 2}

Early in his reign, his approval of the Berber Dahir drew widespread backlash and spurred an upsurge of Moroccan nationalism and opposition to continued French rule. Initially more amenable to the colonial authorities, Muhammad grew increasingly supportive of the nationalist movement. During the Second World War he supported the Allies, took part in the 1943 Casablanca (Anfa) Conference, and has been widely credited with protecting Morocco's Jewish population, resisting Vichy efforts to impose anti-Jewish measures and emphasising that all Moroccan Jews were under his protection as subjects of the crown. ¹

In 1947 he delivered the historic Tangier Speech, an open appeal for Moroccan independence that emphasised the country's ties with the rest of the Arab world. In 1953 the French authorities deposed him, exiled him to Corsica and later Madagascar, and installed his cousin Mohammed Ben Aarafa as sultan. Faced with rising opposition and violence, the French government allowed his return in 1955. In 1956 he negotiated Moroccan independence with France and Spain, and in the following year he assumed the title of king. ¹

Muhammad died in 1961 at the age of 51 and was buried in the Royal Mausoleum at Rabat; an Islamic funeral prayer was held for him. Historians often describe him as a moderate and unifying figure whose leadership was marked by restraint and a gentle, conciliatory approach. ¹

No two sources name a school for Mohammed V. The only school attestation anywhere is the English article's infobox, which gives Sunni Islam; the Arabic article carries no religion field, and Wikidata gives only Islam in general. His Alawi sharifian descent, his title Amir al-Mu'minin and his headship of the crown are matters of descent and office, not attestations of a personal school, so his faith is recorded as unknown. ^{1 2 3}

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