Omar Ali Saifuddien II

Omar Ali Saifuddien II (died 18 November 1852) was the 23rd Sultan of Brunei, reigning from 1828 until his death. A son of Muhammad Jamalul Alam I, he was a small child when his father died in 1804, and the throne passed through his grandfather and uncle before he asserted his own claim in 1825. His reign saw Brunei's first sustained dealings with Britain: James Brooke became Rajah of Sarawak, Labuan was ceded in 1846, and a treaty of friendship and commerce followed in 1847. He was succeeded by his son Abdul Momin. No Arabic or Urdu article on him exists; this article is written from the English and Malay articles and Wikidata. ^{1 2}

His birth date is debated: Wikidata gives 3 February 1799 with a reference, while the Malay article's infobox gives only the year 1804; the English article gives no date, saying only that when his father Muhammad Jamalul Alam I died in 1804 he was still a minor with a physical deformity, an extra thumb on his right hand. His grandfather Muhammad Tajuddin then took the throne a second time, and on Tajuddin's death in 1807 the regent, his uncle Muhammad Kanzul Alam, became sultan and named his own son Muhammad Alam as heir. In 1825, having come of age, Omar Ali Saifuddien asserted his claim. The Malay article dates his accession to 18 December 1826, while its own text and the English article give the reign from 1828, after Muhammad Alam; the discrepancy is recorded here rather than resolved. ^{3 2 1}

During his reign Western powers, among them Britain and the United States, visited Brunei. The British adventurer James Brooke came to Sarawak in 1839 and was made its Rajah in 1842; in 1845 a force under Brooke attacked Brunei. In 1846 the sultan ceded the island of Labuan to Britain, and in 1847 he concluded a treaty of friendship and commerce with the British. ^{1 2}

He died on 18 November 1852 — the date the English article takes from the Singapore Free Press of 17 December 1852, and the Malay article agrees; Wikidata alone gives 20 November. The Malay article gives the cause as mouth cancer and places his burial at the Royal Mausoleum (Kubah Makam Diraja) in Bandar Seri Begawan. He was succeeded by his son Abdul Momin, who is named as successor in both articles; Abdul Momin has no museum record yet, so the succession is carried in prose only. His son Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin, built in the same run as this record, later became the 25th sultan. ^{1 2 3}

His faith is recorded as unknown, and the case is flagged. A school reading exists in exactly one infobox: the English article's infobox gives his religion as Sunni Islam. The Malay article's infobox gives Islam in general, the English text names no school, and Wikidata gives Islam only. Headship of the Brunei sultanate and royal descent are not a personal school; one infobox family short of the two-source bar, the Sunni reading stands in the record's note, unresolved. ^{1 2 3}

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