The Baratha Mosque Affair in 420

فتنة مسجد براثا ٤٢٠

c. November 1029 CE · Dhu al-Qa'da 420 AH

Baghdad

The caliphal court arrested the preacher of Baratha mosque for excessive praise of Ali ibn Abi Talib (may God be pleased with him) in his sermon. On Friday 19 Dhu al-Qa'da a substitute, Abu Mansur ibn Tamam, preached in his place, reducing the mention of Ali and closing with 'O God, forgive the Muslims and whoever claims that Ali is his master (mawla).' The common people pelted him with clods, breaking his shoulder and teeth and drawing blood. The caliph's decree came out angrily, calling it 'a mosque that gathers unbelievers and heretics' and likening it to the Mosque of Dirar; about thirty men attacked the preacher's house, and Friday prayer was suspended for weeks until the Feast of Sacrifice (Eid al-Nahr), when the muezzin garbled the takbir and panic broke out. Shaykhs of Karkh and al-Sharif al-Murtada intervened, and a preacher was reinstated by a written decree dated the first of Muharram, exempted from striking the pulpit with a sword and from mentioning 'his master' 1.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era
Region
Levant & Iraq
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

In time

102010301040 c.
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era

In space

Baghdad

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Sects and schoolsFactions, splits and schismsSacred space and pilgrimage

Summary

In Dhu al-Qa'da 420 AH the caliphal court arrested the preacher of the Baratha mosque because of extremism in his sermon. In his place Abu Mansur ibn Tammam gave a sermon closer to the middle course, and those present pelted him with clods of earth until his shoulder was broken. A decree from al-Qadir went out in anger, likening the mosque to the mosque of harm, and the Friday prayer was suspended there for weeks before it resumed with a sermon written in an official hand. 1

The sermon and the stoning

The substitute preacher gave the Friday sermon on the nineteenth of Dhu al-Qa'da. He lessened the mention of Ali ibn Abi Talib and closed with the words, "O God, forgive the Muslims, and whoever claims that Ali is his mawla." The common people rose up and threw clods of earth at him; his shoulder and teeth were broken, and blood ran down his face. 2

The caliph's decree

The decree from al-Qadir came in harsh terms. It described the mosque as a gathering of "unbelievers and heretics" and said it was much like the mosque of harm. The house of the former preacher was attacked by about thirty men. 3

The weeks without Friday prayer

The Friday prayer was suspended for weeks, until the day of 'Id al-Nahr came, when the muezzin garbled the takbir and panic spread among the worshippers. Then the elders of al-Karkh and al-Sharif al-Murtada interceded, and the preaching was resumed on the first of Muharram from a written text. The preacher was excused from striking the pulpit with a sword and from mentioning "his mawla." 4

Connections

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Occurred at
Baghdad
Had participant
al-Qadir bi-llah Ahmad ibn Ishaq ibn al-Muqtadir· al-Sharif al-Murtada

People and things also explored

The death of al-Qadir and the accession of al-Qa'im bi-amr Allah, 422· The Baghdad Attestation on Fatimid Lineage· The reading of the Qadiri Creed in the Dar al-Khilafa· Riot at the funeral of Bint Abi Nuh and the plunder of the Dar al-Rum church· Al-Qadir's rescript imposing distinguishing dress on the dhimmis· Al-Qadir bans dealing in Maghrebi dinars· The ghilman's seizure and humiliation of Jalal al-Dawla, 424· The burning of a codex attributed to Ibn Mas'ud and the Karkh strife

Sources

  1. al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa'l-Umam — Ibn al-Jawzi , j.8 p.383-387
  2. al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa'l-Umam — Ibn al-Jawzi , j.8 p.384-385
  3. al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa'l-Umam — Ibn al-Jawzi , j.8 p.385
  4. al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa'l-Umam — Ibn al-Jawzi , j.8 p.385-387
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Baratha Mosque Affair in 420”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/baratha-affair-420/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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The death of al-Qadir and the accession of al-Qa'im bi-amr Allah, 422

The caliph al-Qadir bi'llah died on the night of Monday 11 Dhu'l-Hijja 422, aged eighty-six years, ten months and twenty-one days, having reigned forty-one years and three months, a span no caliph before him had reached. The doors were shut; then al-Qa'im bi-amr Allah came out at the time of 'asr, led the people in the maghrib prayer, prayed over his father with four takbirs, and sat in the Dar al-Shajara in a shirt and mantle. The people gave him bay'a, first among them al-Sharif al-Murtada, and on the next day Abu Ahmad al-Hasan ibn Isa ibn al-Muqtadir came and gave bay'a too. The Turks clamoured over the bay'a money; when a Hashimite killed a Turk, a signed decree of the caliph was issued on the matter, and it was settled that the bay'a be levied at three million dinars. Among his well-known displays of tact, he put up a caravanserai, a garden and a heap of goods for sale to meet it. He gave titles to the viziers and chamberlains and arranged the offices of state.