Factions, splits and schisms
Family: Unity, division and dissent · 11 entries
Entries on this theme
Person
al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib
c. 568 CEAn uncle of the Prophet, captured with the Meccan side at Badr and later a Muslim, whose descendants founded the Abbasid caliphate.Abdullah ibn Ubayy
c. 580 CEThe chief of Khazraj who had been preparing to be crowned king of Medina when the Hijra ended his ambition — remembered in the Sunni sources as the leader of the 'hypocrites' who opposed the Prophet from inside the city.Umar ibn al-Khattab
c. 584 CESecond caliph (634–644); under his rule the early community conquered Syria, Egypt and much of the Sasanian Empire. Remembered in Sunni tradition as al-Faruq, the model of just rule.Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf
c. 585 CEA poet of Banu Nadir — Jewish on his father's side, Arab on his mother's — whose verses mourned the Meccan dead of Badr and satirized the Muslims and their women; assassinated with the Prophet's sanction in the first political killing of the Medinan period.Aisha bint Abi Bakr
c. 613 CEA wife of the Prophet and daughter of Abu Bakr; one of the most prolific transmitters of hadith in Sunni tradition, whose role is viewed differently across the traditions.Dhu al-Khuwaysira al-Tamimi
A man of Banu Tamim (identified as Hurqus ibn Zuhayr al-Sa'di) who brazenly challenged the Prophet during the distribution of spoils at al-Ji'rana, saying 'Act justly, for you have not acted justly'; the Prophet rebuked him and foretold that from his progeny would emerge a sect that passes out of religion (the Kharijites).Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan
A Qurashi of the Umayyad clan, born five years before the mission on the best-known account; he accompanied the Prophet and wrote for him, Umar appointed him over Syria after his brother Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan and Uthman kept him there, then he did not pledge to Ali and fought him, took Syria for himself and added Egypt, took the title of caliph after the two arbitrators, and the people gathered on him in the year of the community when al-Hasan made peace with him; the time of his conversion is disputed.
Event
The killing of Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf
c. September 624 CE · 14 Rabi' I 3 AHThe assassination of the Jewish poet Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf in Rabi' al-Awwal 3 AH by a band led by Muhammad ibn Maslama, after he incited Quraysh to war and satirized Muslim women.The death of Abdullah ibn Ubayy and the Prophet's prayer over him
c. 631 CE · 9 AHSoon after the return from Tabuk in 9 AH, Abdullah ibn Ubayy — chief of the hypocrites — died; the Prophet sought forgiveness for him and prayed over him despite Umar's attempt to dissuade him, and the revelation afterwards sided with Umar's objection, forbidding prayer over such people or standing at their graves.Ghadir Khumm
March 632 CE · Dhu al-Hijja 10 AHA halt at the pool of Khumm on the return from the Farewell Pilgrimage, at which the Prophet spoke about Ali.The meeting at Saqifa
June 632 CE · Rabi' I 11 AHAfter the Prophet's death, leaders of the Ansar and Muhajirun met in the hall of the Banu Sa'ida and chose Abu Bakr as leader of the community.
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