death of al-Bahlawan — the Isfahan mazhab wars, the Rayy fitna, Tughril breaks free

وفاة البهلوان الإلدكزي — فتن أصفهان والري وخروج طغرل

c. 1186 CE · 582 AH

Isfahan → Rayy

Al-Bahlawan Muhammad Ildigiz — lord of Jibal, Rayy, Isfahan and Azerbaijan, a just ruler whose lands were safe — died, and with him order died: Isfahan burned in Shafii-Hanafi street war, Rayy emptied in a Sunni-Shia fitna. His brother Qizil Arslan took the realm, but Sultan Tughril — sultan in name alone till then — slipped his leash with a following of emirs, seized lands, and the war began 1.

Depth

At a glance

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In time

1170118011901200 c.
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era · The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks

In space

IsfahanRayy

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

Summary

Al-Bahlawan Muhammad ibn Ildeniz, lord of al-Jibal, Rayy, Isfahan and Azerbaijan, died. He was a just ruler, and his lands were secure in his days. Yet in Isfahan, between the Shafiʿis and the Hanafis, killing and burning took place on a scale too great to describe, and Rayy was ruined by a strife between the Sunnis and the Shiʿis. His brother Qizil Arslan became ruler, and Sultan Tughril ibn Arslan broke away from his authority, seized some lands, and wars broke out between them 2.

Connections

Explore the connections

Occurred at
Isfahan· Rayy
Had participant
Muhammad al-Bahlawan al-Ildigizi· Qizil Arslan· السلطان طغرل الثالث بن أرسلان

People and things also explored

Sultan Tughril III masters Qizil Arslan· Jameh Mosque of Isfahan· the great ʿAjam earthquake — Iraq to beyond Rayy· Battle of Ray (1059)· the caliph army routed by Sultan Tughril· Conquest of Isfahan (21 AH)· Conquest of Rayy (22 AH)· The Conquest of Rayy and Qumis

Sources

  1. al-Kamil fi'l-Tarikh of Ibn al-Athir , p. 140-141
  2. al-Kamil fi'l-Tarikh of Ibn al-Athir , p.140-141
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “death of al-Bahlawan — the Isfahan mazhab wars, the Rayy fitna, Tughril breaks free”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/death-bahlawan-582/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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Related

Sultan Tughril III masters Qizil Arslan

Sultan Tughril ibn Arslan grew strong against Qizil Arslan and took town after town in Jibal and Azerbaijan — the wars went back and forth until Tughril prevailed.