Adly Yakan Pasha

Adly Yakan Pasha (January 1864 – 22 October 1933) was an Egyptian politician of the Muhammad Ali family who was prime minister three times — 1921–1922, 1926–1927 and 1929–1930 — and held the foreign, education and interior portfolios and the speakership of the Senate. He led the official negotiations with Lord Curzon in 1921 and founded the Liberal Constitutional Party. His birth day is given as 18 January by the English article and Wikidata and as 24 January by the Arabic article; the first reading is followed and the date marked debated. ^{1 2}

The Arabic article explains his name: he was the son of Khalil Ibrahim Pasha, a nephew of Muhammad Ali Pasha, and "Yakan" — also spelled Yeghen — is the Turkish word for a sister's son. Sent to Istanbul at the age of eight, he studied there for three years and in France, then at German, Frères, Jesuit and Marcel schools in Egypt, mastering French. His career began in translation offices: translator at the interior ministry from 1880, clerk and then secretary at foreign affairs, secretary to the council of ministers under Nubar Pasha, then deputy governor and governor of a succession of provinces — Menoufia, Minya, the Canal, Faiyum, Sharqia, Dakahlia, Gharbia — governor of Cairo in 1903, and director of awqaf from 1906 to 1909. In 1913 he entered the Legislative Assembly and became its deputy speaker. ²

In April 1914 he became foreign minister in Hussein Roshdi's first cabinet, the last of the old "nizara" governments before the war and the protectorate. As education minister in Roshdi's second and third cabinets he made Arabic the basic language of primary and secondary teaching, took the first steps toward a state university, and founded the first state kindergartens in 1918; in April 1919 he was briefly interior minister. On 16 March 1921 he formed his first cabinet and led the official delegation to London, where his negotiations with the foreign secretary, Lord Curzon, failed over the terms of Egyptian independence; he resigned, and Sarwat succeeded him. On 29 October 1922 he founded the Liberal Constitutional Party and became its first president, holding the post until January 1924. He formed a second cabinet on 7 June 1926, keeping the interior ministry, and a third on 4 October 1929; he also served as Speaker of the Egyptian Senate. He was made an honorary KCMG in the 1918 New Year Honours. He died at Paris on 22 October 1933. ^{1 2}

No source consulted says anything at all about Adly Yakan's religion. The English article has no religion field and its text is silent; the Arabic article's infobox carries a religion field and leaves it empty; Wikidata has no religion value. What the sources do record — descent from Muhammad Ali's family, Turkish-Albanian origin, a career at the summit of a Muslim-majority state — is family background and office, and neither has ever counted as attestation in this museum: a man's faith is recorded only when two independent sources name it for him personally. His is therefore recorded unknown, a case of complete absence rather than of conflicting evidence. ^{1 2 3}

• The defined source entities cited above, recorded in data/source/.
• Revisions of this article must be dated, and must name the source that changed each fact.