Firaq Gorakhpuri

Firaq was born at Banwarpar in Gorakhpur district into a well-to-do and educated Hindu Kayastha family, and was married at fourteen against his wish. He passed the Indian Civil Service examinations, then resigned his deputy collectorship to join Gandhi's Non-cooperation movement, spending eighteen months in jail.¹

Firaq lectured in English at Allahabad University until 1958, founded India's first association of progressive writers in 1936, and presided over the Progressive Writers' Association at Lucknow. His works include the collection Rooh-e-Kainat and the critical treatise Adab ki Haqiqat.¹²

Firaq died at New Delhi on 3 March 1982. The Urdu article, citing Malik Ram's Tazkira, records that his body was taken to Allahabad and cremated at the confluence of the Ganga and the Jamuna, the meeting of rivers held sacred in Hindu tradition.²³

No article states Firaq's own religion in its text: the English article describes his family as Hindu (family background), Wikidata's religion value is Hinduism (one structured value), both editions file him among Hindu poets, and the Urdu article records his cremation at the Sangam on Malik Ram's authority. The reading is set out in full in his record's faith note and stands one text attestation short of the museum's two-text bar.¹²³

• ¹
• ²
• ³