Generality (umum) in the sources of law and what it covers

العُمُوم

In the lexicon, 'umum is the act of covering and including, from 'amma, to cover. Some usulis define it as the inclusion of individuals at once; al-Mazari defines a general statement as one that includes two things or more ¹. The general term (amm) is a word that applies to individuals of agreed limits in full, the particular (khusus) is its opposite, and the shared term (mushtarak) has two or more meanings used alternately ^{1 2}. The majority of usulis hold that a general text establishes its ruling over everything it covers unless a proof says otherwise; the rules of exception and its disputes are treated in the legal-theory appendix ².