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← The life of the Prophet Muhammad: a figure who shaped a religion ·

The life of the Prophet Muhammad: a figure who shaped a religion

Grade 11 · World Religions and Belief Traditions: Perspectives, Issues, and Challenges, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (HRT3M) · Strand D · D3, D1 · 75 min

Mapped by the museum, not endorsed by the Ministry.

An HRT3M pathway following the life of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to the farewell: the city of his birth, Khadija, the revelation, the boycott, the Hijra, the first mosque, the treaty, the Farewell Pilgrimage, and how his words were preserved in hadith.

Lesson goal

Students analyse how an individual with a specific role, a prophet in his followers' belief and a community founder in the historian's eye, shaped Islam in its first stages.

What the lesson does, in the museum's words

The lesson presents the life of the Prophet Muhammad as the figure with a specific role who shaped Islam, in its stages and from its sources, and ties each stage to a teaching or practice that arose in it (prayer, the mosque, the pact). The Sunni Islamic frame is named as a frame, and the academic study of the sources is named as such.

The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9 to 12: Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013

Seventy-five minutes. The museum never types honorifics; the interface renders them. In class, name the frame before the statement: 'Muslims believe…' and 'historians hold…'.

Lesson steps

  1. Muhammad: the record — What the museum records of his life before forty, and the sira sources and their dates. · Muhammad · Mecca
  2. Khadija — A merchant of Mecca and the first to believe: the marriage and the first household. · Khadija bint Khuwaylid
  3. The first revelation — The cave of Hira, the first verses, and what the sources say of the experience of revelation. · The first revelation
  4. The boycott — The boycott of the Banu Hashim: the social price of the call in Mecca. · The boycott of the Banu Hashim
  5. The Hijra and Medina — A new city and a new community: from refugee to governor. · The Hijra · Medina
  6. The Prophet's Mosque — The community's first building: a place of prayer, judgement and teaching. · Prophet's Mosque
  7. Hudaybiyya — A treaty on hard terms that the Prophet accepted: negotiation in the sira. · The Treaty of Hudaybiyya
  8. The Farewell Pilgrimage — The last sermon before the gathering: what was preserved of it and how. · The Farewell Pilgrimage
  9. Hadith: how the words were kept — From memory to books: the isnad, the collections and the scholars' criticism. · Hadith
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Worksheet

Answer in your own words after each step; every question points back to a museum page.

  1. Which sources does the Prophet's biography rest on, and what is the difference between the Qur'an, the sira and hadith?

  2. What was Khadija's role in the first years?

  3. Why is the Hijra the start of both a calendar and a state?

  4. Name two functions of the Prophet's Mosque besides prayer.

  5. How do hadith scholars judge a report? Explain the isnad with an example.

Answer key

Each worksheet question is answered by one step; the number points to the step.

  1. Which sources does the Prophet's biography rest on, and what is the difference between the Qur'an, the sira and hadith?

    1 Muhammad: the record — What the museum records of his life before forty, and the sira sources and their dates. · Muhammad · Mecca

    9 Hadith: how the words were kept — From memory to books: the isnad, the collections and the scholars' criticism. · Hadith

  2. What was Khadija's role in the first years?

    2 Khadija — A merchant of Mecca and the first to believe: the marriage and the first household. · Khadija bint Khuwaylid

  3. Why is the Hijra the start of both a calendar and a state?

    5 The Hijra and Medina — A new city and a new community: from refugee to governor. · The Hijra · Medina

  4. Name two functions of the Prophet's Mosque besides prayer.

    6 The Prophet's Mosque — The community's first building: a place of prayer, judgement and teaching. · Prophet's Mosque

  5. How do hadith scholars judge a report? Explain the isnad with an example.

    9 Hadith: how the words were kept — From memory to books: the isnad, the collections and the scholars' criticism. · Hadith

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