Asma' bint Shihab al-Sulayhiyya

أسماء بنت شهاب الصليحية

Sana'a

Asma' bint Shihab al-Sulayhiyya, wife of Ali ibn Muhammad al-Sulayhi, king of Yemen, and mother of his son Ahmad al-Mukarram; the Friday sermon in Yemen named her with her husband. Captured when he was killed on pilgrimage in 459 or 458 AH, she was held in Zabid until her son freed her; Arwa bint Ahmad al-Sulayhiyya grew up in her care.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
Patron
Era
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era
Region
Arabia

In space

Sana'a

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

WomenPolitics, governance and authority

Summary

Asma' bint Shihab al-Sulayhiyya was one of the famous women of Yemen, wife of Ali ibn Muhammad al-Sulayhi, king of Yemen, and mother of his son King Ahmad al-Mukarram; the Friday sermon on Yemen's pulpits named her along with her husband, as Kahhala reports after al-Zirikli's al-A'lam. 1

Captivity in Zabid

She went on pilgrimage with her husband in 459 or 458 AH; he was killed at Umm al-Duhaym, and his killer, Sa'id ibn Najah the Abyssinian, known as al-Ahwal, took her captive, set her in her litter and placed before it the heads of her husband and of a brother of his killed with him. 1 She was held for eight months or a full year in Zabid, the two heads hanging before the window of her house, while her son al-Mukarram in San'a did not know where she was; when he learned of it he came with an army, defeated the Abyssinians, freed her, took down the heads and built a shrine over them. 1

Her household

She returned with her son to San'a and died there. 1 Arwa bint Ahmad al-Sulayhiyya, who married al-Mukarram and later became queen of Yemen, grew up in her care. 2

For young visitors

Asma' was a queen in Yemen beside her husband, and her name was mentioned in the Friday sermon. After her husband was killed she was taken prisoner, until her son came with an army and rescued her.

Research notes

  • Kahhala's entry follows al-Zirikli's al-A'lam and gives no date of death.

Connections

Explore the connections

Spouse of
علي بن محمد الصليحي القائم باليمن
Lived in
Sana'a
Died in
Sana'a

People and things also explored

al-Qullays (the Yemeni Kaaba)· The Killing of al-Aswad al-Ansi· The Ottoman Entry into Yemen· Ahmad ibn Hanbal· al-Aswad al-Ansi· al-Shawkani· Fares Abbad· Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Amir al-San'ani

Sources

  1. A'lam al-Nisa' fi Alamay al-Arab wa-al-Islam — Umar Rida Kahhala, vol. 1 (Mu'assasat al-Risala, Beirut, 5th ed. 1984) , p.59
  2. A'lam al-Nisa' fi Alamay al-Arab wa-al-Islam — Umar Rida Kahhala, vol. 1 (Mu'assasat al-Risala, Beirut, 5th ed. 1984) , p.31
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Asma' bint Shihab al-Sulayhiyya”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/asma-bint-shihab-al-sulayhiyya/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-11-04.

Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · Help complete it · JSON

Wing

People

Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story.
Related

al-Qullays (the Yemeni Kaaba)

The church Abraha built in Yemen to divert the Arabs’ pilgrimage from Mecca — the ambition that led to the elephant campaign. Al-Hamdani's native tradition names it, with Ghumdan, the twin monument of Sana'a and ascribes its building to Bilqis.