Jawab (the answer, and its legal effect)

الجواب

In the usul and fiqh, a jawab is a reply to a question. If it cannot stand alone, such as yes, it takes the scope of the question; if it can stand alone, it has its own effect, as in an acknowledgement given in reply. An answer may also be read by the speaker's intention, as with a reply to a delegated divorce. A person who refuses a required answer, such as a mufti or a witness, is sinful. 1 2 3 4 5

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Scripture and its sciences

Overview

A jawab is a reply to a question. If it cannot stand alone it follows the question's scope; if it can, it has its own effect. 1 2

Effect of a reply

A reply may count as an acknowledgement, a divorce or a refusal, depending on wording and intention; some schools return to the speaker's intention to count the divorces. 3 4

Refusing a required reply

A person who refuses a required answer, such as a mufti or a witness, is sinful. 5

People and things also explored

The seven ahruf· Hadith· Shama'il Muhammadiyya· The Prophetic sira· The Prophetic Sunna· Command, prohibition and capacity· The Sunna as explanation of the Qur'an· Bid'a (religious innovation)

Sources

  1. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.6671
  2. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.6672
  3. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.6673
  4. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.6674
  5. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.6675
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islam.museum contributors. “Jawab (the answer, and its legal effect)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/jawab/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

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The seven ahruf

The Prophet's saying 'the Qur'an was revealed in seven ahruf, so read of it what is easy' — narrated through Umar's dispute with Hisham ibn Hakim over Surat al-Furqan; its exact meaning is one of the widest debates in Qur'anic sciences.