The Fatimid rebuilding of al-Aqsa after the 1033 earthquake

إعادة بناء المسجد الأقصى الفاطمية بعد زلزلة 425هـ

1034 CE · c. 425 AH

The earthquake of 1033 devastated Jerusalem; the Fatimid caliph al-Zahir rebuilt the Aqsa between 1034 and 1036 and the work was completed under al-Mustansir in 1065. It is the mosque Nasir-i Khusraw described in 1047: shrunk to seven aisles with brilliant mosaic decoration, a triumphal arch bearing a royal inscription in gold mosaic, and most of the central part of the present mosque dates from that rebuilding 1.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era
Region
Levant & Iraq

In time

1020103010401050
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era

Overview

After the devastating earthquake of 1033, the Fatimid caliph al-Zahir had al-Aqsa rebuilt between 1034 and 1036, and the work was completed under al-Mustansir in 1065. 1

What happened

The earthquake struck the whole city hard and is counted among the causes of a major reorganisation of Jerusalem. The new mosque was smaller than its predecessor — seven aisles instead of fifteen, probably without side doors — but famous for the brilliance of its mosaics and the triumphal arch carrying a royal inscription in gold, the first documented appearance of the Night Journey verse on the building. Nasir-i Khusraw described it in 1047, shortly before its completion, and most of the central part of today's mosque dates from that Fatimid rebuilding. 1

Connections

Explore the connections

Occurred at
Masjid Al-Aqsa
Had participant
al-Zahir li-I'zaz Din Allah Ali ibn al-Hakim· al-Mustansir bi'llah Ma'add ibn al-Zahir
During the reign of
al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah Abd Allah ibn al-Qadir

People and things also explored

The battle of al-Basasiri and the sermon for the Ubaydi al-Mustansir in Baghdad· Earthquake at Ramla and the sea's recession, 425· The general famine and plague of 448· The Great Plague and Famine· The great earthquake of Ramla· Fatimid Caliphate· al-Mustansir bi'llah Ma'add ibn al-Zahir· al-Zahir li-I'zaz Din Allah Ali ibn al-Hakim

Sources

  1. Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd edition (Leiden: Brill, 1954–2008), 13 volumes , vol. 6 p. 734-735
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Fatimid rebuilding of al-Aqsa after the 1033 earthquake”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/aqsa-fatimid-rebuild/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-11-09.

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Related

The battle of al-Basasiri and the sermon for the Ubaydi al-Mustansir in Baghdad

Arslan al-Basasiri grew so mighty he was preached on the minbars and the caliph decided nothing without him; when his ill creed proved out and his plan to sack the palace surfaced, al-Qa'im wrote secretly to Tughrul Beg at Rayy. Tughrul came in 447; al-Basasiri fell back to Rahba, took the Egyptian al-Mustansir's money and the treacherous brother Inal's distraction. In 450 he entered Baghdad under Egyptian banners — the khutba went to al-Mustansir at the Mansur mosque, 'hayya ala khayr al-amal' entered the adhan — and seized the caliph in Dhu'l-Hijja, jailing him at Ana; the caliph's letter to God was hung on the Ka'ba. Tughrul killed Inal, had the caliph returned in honour on 25 Dhu'l-Qa'da 451, and al-Basasiri's head reached Baghdad.