Three Kharijites' pact to kill Mu'awiya, Amr and Habib ibn Maslama

تعاقد ثلاثة من الحرورية على قتل معاوية وعمرو وحبيب بن مسلمة

Al-Zuhri's report in Ibn Abd al-Hakam that three Iraqis made a pact at the Ka'ba to kill Mu'awiya, Amr ibn al-As (may God be pleased with him) and Habib ibn Maslama after Mu'awiya's accession; one stabbed Mu'awiya with a dagger at the dawn prayer in Iliya, and another killed Kharija ibn Hudhafa, taking him for Amr 1 2.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Umayyad Period
Region
Levant & Iraq

Overview

Ibn Abd al-Hakam reports from al-Zuhri that three Iraqis made a pact at the Ka'ba to kill Mu'awiya, Amr ibn al-As and Habib ibn Maslama, and that after Mu'awiya had been acknowledged caliph they came to Iliya. 1

In the mosque

They asked some Syrians in the mosque when they might find the commander of the faithful alone, claiming they had a grievance over their stipends. When Mu'awiya came out for the dawn prayer and prostrated, one of them stabbed him in the buttock with a dagger; Mu'awiya withdrew and told the people to finish their prayer. The physician said there was no danger unless the dagger was poisoned; the dagger was licked and found not to be poisoned. 2

Then Kharija ibn Hudhafa came out from Mu'awiya to reassure the people, and one of the two remaining Haruris fell on him, taking him for Amr ibn al-As, and killed him with his sword. The third attacked the people in the mosque; Sa'id ibn Malik ibn Shihab stood against him and killed him, but lost his left eye to the Haruri's blow, bled heavily and died. 2

Their fates

A man of Kalb came in and beheaded the man who had stabbed Mu'awiya; he was jailed and released when found innocent. Kharija's killer was handed to his kinsmen of Banu Adi ibn Ka'b, who cut off his hands and feet and later killed him with Mu'awiya's permission. 3

Other reports

Elsewhere Ibn Abd al-Hakam says the Haruri who killed Kharija came to Egypt to kill Amr, who had stayed at home with a stomach complaint, and that the Haruri said, "I wanted Amr, and God wanted Kharija." He adds: "It has also been said that Kharija was killed in Syria." 1 This version differs from the better-known one in which Ali ibn Abi Talib (may God be pleased with him) is among the targets.

Connections

Explore the connections

Had participant
Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan· Amr ibn al-As· Habib ibn Maslama al-Fihri· Kharija ibn Hudhafa al-Adawi

People and things also explored

Mecca· The Conquest of Alexandria· The Conquest of Antioch· The Conquest of Caesarea· Conquest of Egypt and Alexandria· The Taking of Qaliqala and the Opening of Armenia· The Conquest of Shimshat· The Death of Habib ibn Maslama at Damascus

Sources

  1. Futuh Misr wa-l-Maghrib — Ibn Abd al-Hakam (ed. Abd al-Mun'im Amir, al-Hay'a al-Amma li-Qusur al-Thaqafa) , p. 149
  2. Futuh Misr wa-l-Maghrib — Ibn Abd al-Hakam (ed. Abd al-Mun'im Amir, al-Hay'a al-Amma li-Qusur al-Thaqafa) , p. 150
  3. Futuh Misr wa-l-Maghrib — Ibn Abd al-Hakam (ed. Abd al-Mun'im Amir, al-Hay'a al-Amma li-Qusur al-Thaqafa) , p. 151
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Three Kharijites' pact to kill Mu'awiya, Amr and Habib ibn Maslama”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/kharijite-plot-against-muawiya-and-amr/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-31.

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Mecca

The most sacred city of Islam, in the Hejaz about 72 km inland from Jeddah, where the Prophet Muhammad was born, the Kaaba stands and the annual Hajj is held. The Encyclopaedia of Islam presents it as a trading centre dominated by Quraysh before Islam, then a city ruled by Umayyads, Abbasids, sharifs and Ottomans until Abd al-Aziz Al Saud took it in 1924. Ibn Battuta describes the Sacred Mosque in his day, counting its ten gates, domes and porticoes, measuring the distance between al-Safa and al-Marwa in steps, and noting that Dar al-Nadwa was made a congregational mosque attached to the haram. The Arabic Papyrology Database preserves two paper documents sent from Mecca to business friends in Fustat, a business letter about the pilgrimage dated 901-1000 CE and a private greeting from the pilgrimage dated 1101-1200 CE