At a glance
- Roles
- Ruler
- Era
- Abbasid Fragmentation
- Region
- Persia & Central Asia
Life in time
Trade and financePolitics, governance and authority
Summary
Ahmad ibn Muhammad, grandson of Iraq ibn Mansur, was one of the Afrighid Khwarazmshahs. 2 Shohruxmirzo Ismoilov says his dirham of 959 is the first Islamic-type silver dirham struck by a ruler of Khwarazm, the first Khwarazmshah coin with Qur'anic verses, and the first coin to bear the title "Khwarazmshah" in Arabic. 1
The single dirham
It was struck at Khwarazm in 348 AH (959 or 960), with the word "three hundred" left out of the date. 2 The obverse carries the profession of God's oneness, with a verse from al-Rum 30:4 in the outer margin; the reverse reads "To God; Muhammad is the Messenger of God ﷺ; Ahmad ibn Muhammad Khwarazmshah", with the wording of al-Tawba 9:33 in its margin. 2 3 The Swedish History Museum holds two specimens, ShM 9136 (3.85 g, 30 mm) and ShM 16840 (3.28 g, 29 mm). 3
His fulus
All his other coins are copper fulus, repeating the al-Rum verse and alternating the titles "shah" and "Khwarazmshah", weighing about 2 g. 3 The latest is dated 367/977, or 366/976 according to M. Fedorov. 3 Among the rarest is a type showing a cat-like animal facing left, which the author compares with the coins of the Tudun dynasty of Chach in the sixth and seventh centuries. 4
Under the Samanids
The author holds that Ahmad ibn Muhammad led a revolt against the Samanids before 943 and another in 959, the year to which the single silver dirham belongs, while dependence on the Samanids continued. 5
Connections
- Ruler of
- Afrighids (Khwarazmshahs of Kath)
People and things also explored
Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Khwarazmshah· Azkajuvar-Abd Allah, Khwarazmshah· Iraq ibn Mansur· Savshafan, Khwarazmshah· Kath (Khwarazm)· Ma'munids (Khwarazmshahs of Jurjaniyya)· Coins of the Khwarazmshah Era (Ismoilov)· Afrighids (Khwarazmshahs of Kath)
Sources
- Shohruxmirzo Ismoilov, Xorazmshohlar davri tangalari (VIII–XIII asr boshlarida) [Coins of the Khwarazmshah era, 8th–early 13th century], Bukhara: Durdona, 2025 , p. 10
- Shohruxmirzo Ismoilov, Xorazmshohlar davri tangalari (VIII–XIII asr boshlarida) [Coins of the Khwarazmshah era, 8th–early 13th century], Bukhara: Durdona, 2025 , p. 48
- Shohruxmirzo Ismoilov, Xorazmshohlar davri tangalari (VIII–XIII asr boshlarida) [Coins of the Khwarazmshah era, 8th–early 13th century], Bukhara: Durdona, 2025 , p. 49
- Shohruxmirzo Ismoilov, Xorazmshohlar davri tangalari (VIII–XIII asr boshlarida) [Coins of the Khwarazmshah era, 8th–early 13th century], Bukhara: Durdona, 2025 , p. 50
- Shohruxmirzo Ismoilov, Xorazmshohlar davri tangalari (VIII–XIII asr boshlarida) [Coins of the Khwarazmshah era, 8th–early 13th century], Bukhara: Durdona, 2025 , p. 51
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Khwarazmshah”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/ahmad-ibn-muhammad-khwarazmshah/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-11-04.
Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · Help complete it · JSON