FETVA — TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (Fahrettin Atar)

الفتوى — موسوعة TDV الإسلامية ⁦(فخر الدين عطار)⁩

The TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi entry 'Fetva' (fatwa). It covers the meaning of fatwa and how it differs from judicial ruling, its history from early Islam to the schools of law, the grades of muftis in each school, the procedure and form of a fatwa, and in the Ottoman state the shaykh al-islam's authority to issue fatwas, and the modern position of the religious affairs directorate in the Turkish Republic. The entry is by Fahrettin Atar.