Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin (History of Script and Calligraphers)

Words Made

تاريخ خط وخطاطين

Urdu book by Syed Muhammad Salim (published 2001) on the history of writing and of Arabic-script calligraphy and its schools, notable for its wide coverage of calligraphers in India and Pakistan 1.

Depth

At a glance

Region
South Asia · Global / Diaspora

Arts of the book

Summary

Syed Muhammad Salim's Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin was compiled by Syed Aziz al-Rahman and published by Zawwar Academy, Karachi, in Jumada II 1422/September 2001 in 1,000 copies. 2 3

Structure

Seven parts and thirty-eight chapters. Part one covers the invention of writing, the abjad letters, Aramaic script and its offshoots (Greek, Hebrew, Syriac, Pahlavi, Brahmi, Nabataean), the beginnings of Arabic script, the Meccan and Medinan scripts, the Prophet ﷺ's letters and writing materials. Part two treats "the aesthetic sense of Islam", kufic and its varieties, muhaqqaq, rayhan, thuluth, tawqi', riqa', ghubar and naskh, with Ibn Muqla, Ibn al-Bawwab, Yaqut and his pupils, the terms and books of the art and family trees of scripts and calligraphers. Part three covers ta'liq, divani, siyaqat, nasta'liq and shikasta; part four the schools of Herat, Bukhara, Iran, Turkey and Egypt and the modern revival; part five the Sultanate period in India and the Mughal school from Babur to Bahadur Shah Zafar; part six Lucknow, the princely states (Hyderabad, Rampur, Bhopal, Tonk, Alwar, Patiala), presses and madrasas; part seven Sindh, the Frontier, Kashmir, the Punjab and Bahawalpur. 1 4 5 6

Value

The book gathers lives of subcontinental calligraphers rarely found together — the court scribes of Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb, Hafiz Nurullah and his son at Lucknow, and the masters of Indian shikasta, Kifayat Khan and his son Darayat Khan — drawing on biographical works such as Ghulam Muhammad Haft-Qalami's Tazkira-i Khushnavisan. 5 7 8

Connections

Explore the connections

Authored by
Syed Muhammad Salim (Pakistani historian)
About
Nasta'liq script

People and things also explored

Abd al-Rahim Khwarazmi, known as Anisi· Hafiz Ibrahim ibn Nurullah (calligrapher of Lucknow)· Hafiz Nurullah (calligrapher of Lucknow)· Sultan Ali Mashhadi· Nasta'liq script· Syed Muhammad Salim (Pakistani historian)· Abbasid tin-glazed ware· Ahmadnagar painting

Sources

  1. Syed Muhammad Salim, Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin, ed. Syed Aziz al-Rahman (Karachi: Zawwar Academy Publications, 1422/2001) , p. 9
  2. Syed Muhammad Salim, Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin, ed. Syed Aziz al-Rahman (Karachi: Zawwar Academy Publications, 1422/2001) , p. 7
  3. Syed Muhammad Salim, Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin, ed. Syed Aziz al-Rahman (Karachi: Zawwar Academy Publications, 1422/2001) , p. 8
  4. Syed Muhammad Salim, Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin, ed. Syed Aziz al-Rahman (Karachi: Zawwar Academy Publications, 1422/2001) , p. 10
  5. Syed Muhammad Salim, Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin, ed. Syed Aziz al-Rahman (Karachi: Zawwar Academy Publications, 1422/2001) , p. 11
  6. Syed Muhammad Salim, Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin, ed. Syed Aziz al-Rahman (Karachi: Zawwar Academy Publications, 1422/2001) , p. 12
  7. Syed Muhammad Salim, Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin, ed. Syed Aziz al-Rahman (Karachi: Zawwar Academy Publications, 1422/2001) , p. 153
  8. Syed Muhammad Salim, Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin, ed. Syed Aziz al-Rahman (Karachi: Zawwar Academy Publications, 1422/2001) , p. 264
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Tarikh-i Khatt o Khattatin (History of Script and Calligraphers)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/work/tarikh-e-khatt-o-khattatin/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-11-04.

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Wing

Words

Qur'an, hadith, poetry, and the languages and scripts of Muslim peoples.
Related

Abd al-Rahim Khwarazmi, known as Anisi

Nasta'liq calligrapher at the Aqqoyunlu court in Tabriz who took the pen name Anisi ('friend') for his closeness to Sultan Ya'qub, and finished copying the peripatetic Khamsa of Nizami.