The divine covenant (al-ahd)

Sha'rawi sets out three possible meanings of the covenant that people were commanded to keep: the covenant of the fitra, the covenant of the prophets, and the covenant of the scholars of the Children of Israel ^{2 3}. He holds that keeping God's covenant is worshipping and thanking Him, and that God keeps His covenant with the promise of Paradise ⁴. See al-Baqara 40 and Al 'Imran 187.

He gives the example of someone who lands in an empty place and finds a laden table, and asks who made it. He holds that thanking the favours and remembering the Giver is the sound fitra and needs no complication ².

He notes that the prophets' covenant was to believe in the final messenger and support him, and that the scholars' covenant was not to conceal what the Torah says of his description ³.

He says God keeps the covenant of those who keep theirs: Paradise is the promise to those who believe and follow, and one who does not believe has no covenant with God ⁴.

He holds that remembrance is guarding against forgetting, since the routine of life makes us forget the Cause of the favours. The sun rises daily and rain falls, and God is remembered in the heart and the tongue ¹.

This is Sha'rawi's reading of the three meanings. No study of the concept of covenant in the text and no other tafsir readings are set out here, and none is checked.