هلاك خوارزمشاه بجزيرة بحر قزوين
هلاك خوارزمشاه بجزيرة بحر قزوين
c. 1220 CE · 617 AH
Genghis marched; Khwarazmshah fled the Jayhun to Nishapur, then Hamadan's field, where the enemy ringed him, killed his company, and he alone swam to an island — pleurisy took him, alone, shrouded in a farrash's cloth, in 617; his whole realm fell. Ibn al-Athir: 'the Tatar calamity — had one said the world since creation was never tried its like, he would speak true' 1.
At a glance
- Era
- The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era
- Region
- Persia & Central Asia
- Review
- Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it
In time
Overview
The Khwarazm-shah Muhammad died alone in 617 AH of pleurisy, having fled from the armies of Genghis Khan, according to al-Suyuti. 1
al-Suyuti's account
al-Suyuti says that Genghis Khan marched against him, and he fled from the Oxus to Nishapur and then to the plain of Hamadhan. The enemy surrounded him, killed those with him, and he escaped by himself to an island. He was shrouded in a linen sheet that he had with him, and the Tatar king took over his kingdom. 1
He quotes Sibt ibn al-Jawzi that the first appearance of the Tatars beyond the Oxus was in 615 AH. He quotes Ibn al-Athir's description of the Tatar events as among the greatest disasters. 1
Ibn al-Athir's account
Ibn al-Athir relates that after Samarkand Genghis Khan sent twenty thousand horsemen after him. They crossed the Oxus on wooden troughs covered with cowhide, and drove the horses into the water. The Khwarazm-shah marched to Nishapur and then Mazandaran, with the Tatars behind him, until he reached the fortress of Ab Sakun in the sea of Tabaristan and boarded ships. The Tatars turned back, and he died in that fortress. 2
The Gregorian date is derived from the Hijri date.
Connections
- Had participant
- خوارزم شاه علاء الدين محمد· جنكزخان قان التتار
People and things also explored
غدر خوارزمشاه بتجار التتار وقتل الرسل· خروج التتر إلى بلاد الإسلام· الوقعة التي أفنت الخطا· قصد خوارزمشاه بغداد ورده الثلج· أسر خوارزم شاه من الخطا وخلاصه· استيلاء التتر على مازندران وأخذ ذخائر أم خوارزم شاه· حصار هراة وقتل ابن خرميل· Taj al-Din Abu Bakr's conquest of Kirman, Makran and Sind for the Khwarazmshah (c. 611 AH)
Sources
- Tarikh al-Khulafa — al-Suyuti (Dar al-Minhaj edition), p. 714
- al-Kamil fi'l-Tarikh of Ibn al-Athir, p. 406-407
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “هلاك خوارزمشاه بجزيرة بحر قزوين”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/death-of-khwarazmshah-617/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-17.