Sanjar's catastrophe against the Qara-Khitai

وقعة القارغلية بالسلطان سنجر

September 1141 CE · Safar 536 AH – September 1141 CE · Safar 536 AH

Sultan Sanjar's battle with the Qara-Khitai in early Safar 536 AH; when Kukhan the Khitan king took Transoxiana and Mahmud Khan ibn Arslan Khan complained of the Qarghaliyya and begged Sanjar's aid, Sanjar crossed the river in Dhu al-Hijja 535 and wrote their king summoning him to Islam with threats — they met him in Safar 536 and routed Sanjar and the Muslims in unbroken slaughter, capturing the lord of Sistan, the amir Qumaj and the sultan's wife Arslan Khan's daughter; Ibn Khaldun judged no battle in Islam greater nor more monstrous in killing — Transoxiana passed to the still-pagan Khita and Turks, and the Muslim Khanid state was extinguished.