al-Ma'mun ibn al-Mansur al-Muwahhidi
The Almohad caliph (624-630 AH) who revolted against his own dynasty's doctrine: acclaimed at Seville, he entered Marrakesh in 626 AH with a Christian army, reproached the Almohad shaykhs and killed a hundred of their notables, ordered Ibn Tumart's name erased from coinage and khutba and cursed in the Berber adhan, licensed a church in Marrakesh, lost Ifriqiya to Abu Zakariya al-Hafsi in 627 AH, and died at Wadi Umm al-Rabi' in 630 AH.
Reign · Almohad Caliphate · no. 9 in the chain · 1229–1232 CE
Ruled the caliphate
Events of the reign
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al-Ma'mun's repudiation of the Almohad creed
In 626 AH the caliph al-Ma'mun entered Marrakesh, arraigned the Almohad shaykhs and killed a hundred notables, then ordered Ibn Tumart's name struck from coinage and khutba and cursed in the Berber call to prayer, added «أصبح والحمد لله» to the dawn adhan, licensed a church in Marrakesh, and expelled the Muwahhidun from al-Andalus where the populace killed them — a repudiation reversed only when his son al-Rashid repurchased the shaykhs' allegiance by restoring the Mahdi's rites.
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Battle of Jerez
Draft card for the Battle of Jerez in 1231, the Castilian victory over the Almohads; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Portopí
Draft card for the Battle of Portopí in 1229, James I's landing taking Mallorca from the Muslims; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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The fall of Majorca to the Rum
The conquest of Majorca (Safar 627/Dec 1229): when its governor raided the mainland for timber and seized a Barcelona flat-bottom, James I bound his barons by oath and gathered twenty thousand ashore and sixteen thousand by sea; the rout on Monday 18 Shawwal opened the walls, the city was stormed on Sunday, and twenty-four thousand were killed 'on one account' while the governor was taken and tortured to death after forty-five days.
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Abu Zakariya al-Hafsi's break with the Almohads
In 627 AH the amir Abu Zakariya, grandson of the shaykh Abu Hafs, seized Ifriqiya and threw off the caliph al-Ma'mun's allegiance after the latter had erased the Mahdi's name from coinage and khutba — founding the Hafsid state at Tunis under the Hintati grandsons of the Almohads' greatest shaykh.
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Loss of Merida from Ibn Hud
The Christians took the district of Merida from Muhammad ibn Hud in 626 — 'the opener of calamities at his hand,' for Merida had been the capital of the al-Jawf country in Arab and Ajam days.
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Siege of Alaró (1229)
Draft card for the Siege of Alaró in 1229, the last stand of Mallorca's Muslims against James I's conquest; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Jaen (1230)
Draft card for the Siege of Jaen in 1230, Ferdinand III's second failed attempt on the city; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Morella (1232)
Draft card for Siege of Morella (1232); its sources are not yet checked on the page.