Tughra of Shah Muhammad ibn Ibrahim

طغرا شاه محمد بن إبراهيم

Tughra: Shah Muhammad bin Ibrahim Khan, al-muzaffar daima (Sultan Mehmed, son of Ibrahim ; Cleveland Museum of Art, accession 1944.525.

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1640165016601670168016901700
The Gunpowder Empires

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Overview

A Safavid tughra for Shah Muhammad ibn Ibrahim Khan al-Muzaffar; 1648–1687. It is rare, since the tughra is usually an Ottoman custom. In the Cleveland Museum of Art. 1

People and things also explored

Arabesque· Girih· Hedwig glass· Islamic calligraphy· Islamic geometric patterns· Islamic lustreware· Kubachi ware· Mahmal

Sources

  1. Cleveland Museum of Art Open Access
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Tughra of Shah Muhammad ibn Ibrahim”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/object/tughra-ibrahim/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-18.

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Arabesque

The interlaced vegetal ornament that became the signature of Islamic art, flowing across stucco, stone, wood and manuscripts.