The world's createdness or eternity

حدوث العالم وقدمه

The eternity debate as al-Mas'udi stages it: Indian and Greek eternalists' great-year recurrence, the naturalists' hot-wet generation against cold-dry corruption, then his own kalam proof from the world's finite parts to a formless Maker — followed by the peoples' world-ages: the Jews' scriptural six thousand years, the Christians' agreement, and the Sabians' Greek doctrine 1.

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CreedPhilosophy and logicCosmology and creation

Overview

The question of whether the world is originated or eternal is a debate that al-Masudi presents in Muruj al-dhahab. In it he sets out the views of the Indian sects and of groups of Greeks, astronomers, and naturalists, and then gives his own proof that the world is originated. 2

Those who hold it eternal

Al-Masudi transmits from the Indian sects and groups of Greeks and astronomers that the world is eternal, and that the motion that shapes individuals, once it has traversed its course and returned to where it began, restores everything to its form. 2

He mentions the view of the naturalists: the cause of existence is heat and moisture, and the cause of corruption is cold and dryness; and that when nature was unable to preserve individuals, it turned to reproduction. 2

Al-Masudi's proof

Al-Masudi argues for origination from the presence of finitude and beginning in the parts of the world. He says that existing things must have an originator who has no shape and no like. 2

The age of the world among the nations

Al-Masudi transmits that the Jews claimed the age of the world to be six thousand years, that the Christians followed their way, and that the Harranian Sabians and the Kaymariyya held the view of the Greeks. 2

What is not recorded here: the views of other theologians on the question. It needs a further source.

People and things also explored

The transmigration of souls· Al-Sharif al-Jurjani, Ali ibn Muhammad· The people of the qibla and not declaring takfir for sin· The hereafter: the grave, resurrection and reckoning· The ten promised Paradise· Signs of the Hour· Bid'a (religious innovation)· الغيبة

Sources

  1. Muruj al-Dhahab — al-Masʼudi, p. 559-561
  2. Muruj al-Dhahab — al-Masʼudi, p.559-561
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The world's createdness or eternity”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/huduth-al-alam/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-17.

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Related

The transmigration of souls

The doctrine al-Mas'udi reports from the early Greek and Indian philosophers — Plato among them — that the soul is a self-knowing, body-managing substance whose 'death' is its managed passage from body to body.