Ahmed III, son of Mehmed IV, was an Ottoman sultan who ruled from 1115 to 1143 AH (1703–1730 CE), succeeding Mustafa II 1. Al-Salabi says that the banner of jihad stayed raised in his time, and that the state regained the Morea and Azov 1. The Ottomans surrounded the Russian tsar Peter and his army, but the grand vizier Baltaci Pasha lifted the siege and signed the Treaty of Falksen (Pruth) in Jumada al-Akhira 1123 AH, and the sultan dismissed him 1. The Treaty of Edirne followed in 1125 AH through the mediation of the Netherlands and England, and in it Russia gave up all it had seized of the Black Sea coasts 1.
The Ottomans defeated the Venetians; Austria then prevailed, Belgrade fell in 1129 AH (1717 CE), and the Treaty of Passarowitz was concluded in 1130 AH (1718 CE), by which Austria took Belgrade, most of Serbia and part of Wallachia, while the Morea returned to the Ottomans 1. The Safavids fought the Ottomans, were defeated and lost Tabriz and Hamadan, and peace was made in 1140 AH (1728 CE) 2.
The grand vizier in his reign was Damad Ibrahim Pasha, whom al-Salabi describes as the first Ottoman official to recognise the importance of knowing Europe, and who sent ambassadors to Vienna and Paris for the first time 3. Al-Salabi adds that translation into Turkish grew active in those years and that a printing office was set up in Istanbul 4. The Janissaries then rose, deposed him and put his nephew in his place 2.
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