محمد المهدي السنوسي

محمد المهدي السنوسي

1843 CE · 1259 AH† – 1902 CE · 1320 AH† †

† Hijri date derived by computation from the Gregorian/Julian date; it may differ from the transmitted date by a day or two.

Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Sanusi (1843–c. 1902 CE) — second leader of the Sanusiyya, under whom its zawiyas stretched from Morocco to India, each a self-supporting khalifa-run community 1.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
Scholar · sufi
Era
The Modern Era
Region
Maghreb
Review
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Life in time

1820183018401850186018701880189019001910192019301940 c.
The Colonial Era · The Modern Era Contemporaries: عبد الرزاق البيطار · محمود سامي البارودي · مراد الخامس · وردة اليازجي · جمال الدين الأفغاني

Overview

Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Sanusi, known as al-Mahdi (1843 – around 1902 CE), the second leader of the Sanusiyya. He was the son of Muhammad ibn Ali al-Sanusi, succeeded his father after his death, and was known for righteousness. 2

The order in his time

Al-Zirikli says that the order grew strong in his time, until its lodges spread from the Far Maghrib to India, and from Wadai to Istanbul, most of them in the Sahara and North Africa. Each lodge had a deputy who ran its affairs, taught people's children, kept livestock and farmed, and was aided by the disciples. 2 What exceeded the lodge's expenses went to the head of the order, and Al-Zirikli holds that the head of the order had come to resemble a king to whom tribute is paid. 2

The departure

Al-Zirikli says that Sultan Abd al-Hamid feared the outcome of his affair. The shaykh sensed this, and in 1312 AH he left for the oasis of Kufra, then moved to Wadai, and died there. 2

The year of death (around 1902 CE) is converted from the Hijri date, and a second source is advised to check it.

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محمد بن علي السنوسي

People and things also explored

محمد بن علي السنوسي

Sources

  1. al-Alam — al-Zirikli, tarjama
  2. al-Alam — al-Zirikli
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “محمد المهدي السنوسي”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/muhammad-al-mahdi-al-sanusi/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-17.

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People

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محمد بن علي السنوسي

Muhammad ibn Ali al-Sanusi (d. 1275 AH/1859 CE) — founder of the Sanusiyya order: Mostaganem, Fez, Mecca's Abu Qubays zawiya, then Cyrenaica's al-Bayda' and the Jaghbub retreat.